HbA1c variability as an independent predictor of diabetes retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
HbA1c variability as an independent predictor of diabetes retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes Jiaqi Hu1,2 · Huichun Hsu3 · Xiaodan Yuan4 · Kezheng Lou5 · Cunyi Hsue6 · Joshua D. Miller7 · Juming Lu8 · Yaujiunn Lee3 · Qingqing Lou1 Received: 3 June 2020 / Accepted: 26 August 2020 © Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE) 2020
Abstract Aims To evaluate the association of both mean HbA1c and HbA1c variability with DR development in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods Patients with type 2 diabetes who received dilated funduscopic examination annually and who underwent at least 2-year follow-up were included in this longitudinal study. Subjects were excluded if they took less than five HbA1c measurements during the follow-up period. HbA1C variability was expressed as A1c-SD, and the mean of HbA1c (A1c-Mean) was calculated. In addition, medical history and clinical data of all subjects were collected and analyzed. According to A1cMean above or below the value 7% and A1c-SD above or below the population mean value 0.76%, subjects were divided into four quartiles: Q1(A1c-Mean
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