Differential localization of cell wall polymers across generations in the placenta of Marchantia polymorpha
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REGULAR PAPER – PHYSIOLOGY/BIOCHEMISTRY/MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY
Differential localization of cell wall polymers across generations in the placenta of Marchantia polymorpha Jason S. Henry1 · Renee A. Lopez1 · Karen S. Renzaglia1 Received: 22 May 2020 / Accepted: 12 October 2020 / Published online: 27 October 2020 © The Botanical Society of Japan 2020
Abstract To further knowledge on cell wall composition in early land plants, we localized cell wall constituents in placental cells of the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha L. using monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) in the transmission electron microscope and histochemical staining. The placenta of M. polymorpha is similar to the majority of bryophytes in that both generations contain transfer cells with extensive wall ingrowths. Although the four major cell wall polymers, i.e., cellulose, pectins, hemicelluloses, and arabinogalactan proteins, are present, there are variations in the richness and specificity across generations. An abundance of homogalacturonan pectins in all placental cell walls is consistent with maintaining cell wall permeability and an acidic apoplastic pH necessary for solute transport. Although similar in ultrastructure, transfer cell walls on the sporophyte side in M. polymorpha are enriched with xyloglucans and diverse AGPs not detected on the gametophyte side of the placenta. Gametophyte wall ingrowths are more uniform in polymer composition. Lastly, extensins and callose are not components of transfer cell walls of M. polymorpha, which deviates from studies on transfer cells in other plants. The difference in polymer localizations in transfer cell walls between generations is consistent with directional movement from gametophyte to sporophyte in this liverwort. Keywords AGP · Cell wall · Hemicellulose · Marchantia polymorpha · Pectin · Transfer cell · Wall ingrowth Abbreviations AGP Arabinogalactan protein HG Homogalacturonan MAb Monoclonal antibody
Introduction In bryophytes (mosses, liverworts, and hornworts), water and nutrients are transported from the gametophyte to the dependent sporophyte across a persistent apoplastic junction known as the placenta (Gunning et al. 1974; Ligrone and Gambardella 1988; Pate and Gunning 1972; Regmi and Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-020-01232-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Jason S. Henry [email protected] 1
Department of Plant Biology, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, MC:6509, Carbondale IL 62901, USA
Gaxiola 2017). As the bridge between two generations that have different needs and environmental and genetic constraints, the placenta plays a critical role in the lifecycle of these plants, namely, to ensure nourishment during the production of meiotic spores (Ligrone et al. 1993, 2012a, b). Considerable variability occurs in the organization and structure of the placenta of bryophytes, especially in the location of transfer cells. Transfer cells are specialized cells wi
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