Distributed and Collaborative Knowledge Management Using an Ontology-Based System
Semantic annotations and formally grounded ontologies constitute flexible yet powerful methods of knowledge representation. Using them in a system allows to perform automated reasoning and can enhance the knowledge management. In the paper, we present a s
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Abstract. Semantic annotations and formally grounded ontologies constitute flexible yet powerful methods of knowledge representation. Using them in a system allows to perform automated reasoning and can enhance the knowledge management. In the paper, we present a system for collaborative knowledge management, in which an ontology and ontological reasoning is used. The main objective of the application is to provide information for citizens about threats in an urban environment. The system integrates a database and an ontology for storing and inferring desired information. While a terminology of the traffic danger domain is described by the ontology, the location details of traffic conditions are stored in the database. During run-time, the ontology is populated with instances stored in the database and used by a Description Logic reasoner to infer new facts.
1 Introduction One of the important research fields of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the area of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KR&R) [5]. The Semantic Web [3] initiative is sometimes perceived as the new incarnation of AI, tackling some of its problems and challenges. Although this worldwide project is not aimed at constructing intelligent machines, it has resulted in development of several effective KR&R methods. Representation of knowledge is done on a few levels of abstraction. For single objects, attributes and relations to other objects (resources) are defined, by use of semantic annotations. These attributes and relations are organized into semantic vocabularies for various domains. Classification of objects and classes definition using their interdependencies is done with use of ontologies [6] of different expressiveness and formality level. Stating logical axioms about classes enable automated reasoning and inferring conclusions about single objects. There is an ongoing research on integrating ontologies with higher-level representation of rules. Semantic applications can make use of this multilevel knowledge representation and exhibit semi-intelligent behavior. Web-based information systems have been widely used to facilitate communication and distribution of information in a rapid and efficient way. Whether through official news portals or social systems like Facebook or Twitter, people inform each other about the events or dangers. Using GIS systems [14] that allow to store, represent and search geographic information, users can add location metadata to the information they provide or get useful data based on their localization (e.g. by the use of a GPS). One of the area which still needs a careful attention from the information systems is the local safety of citizens in the urban environment. E. Mercier-Laurent and D. Boulanger (Eds.): AI4KM 2012, IFIP AICT 422, pp. 112–130, 2014. c IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2014
Distributed and Collaborative Knowledge Management
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Projects such as Wikipedia has demonstrated that people are willing to cooperate if they find it worthwhile and the system is easy to us
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