Distributed Battery Systems for Fully Electric Heavy-duty Trucks
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stributed Battery Systems for Fully Electric Heavy-duty Trucks In an electrified commercial vehicle, the battery system is one of the prominent powertrain elements that require safe design due to its complex structure. The positioning of a battery system in one location may create disadvantages. AVL has examined the challenges involved in dividing the battery system among several locations in a truck.
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A U T HORS
Funda Seyitoglu, M. Sc. is Senior Development Engineer for battery systems at AVL Research and Engineering in Istanbul (Turkey).
Kerem Eren, B. Sc. is Development Engineer for battery systems at AVL Research and Engineering in Istanbul (Turkey).
Fabian Luttenberger, M. Sc. is Development Engineer for battery systems at AVL List GmbH in Graz (Austria).
Paul Schiffbaenker, M. Sc. is Product Manager Electrification at AVL List GmbH in Graz (Austria).
ELECTRIFICATION OF HEAV Y-DUT Y TRUCKS
Interest in the electrification of com mercial vehicles is expected to signifi cantly increase globally in years to come. Numerous strategies, incentives and legislation, supported by several organizations and countries are contrib uting significantly to the development of the electrified commercial vehicle market. With its European Green Deal, the European Union has set itself the declared strategic goal of reducing net emissions of greenhouse gases to zero ATZ heavyduty worldwide 03|2020
by 2050. At least 25 % of the emissions released by the transport sector are caused by heavy-duty trucks. The basis for defining the targeted emission reduc tions in the European heavy-duty truck market is a CO2 fleet average, which is to be reduced by 15 % by 2025 and by 30 % by 2030 compared to the reference period from July 1, 2019 to June 30, 2020. AVL is working on a number of solu tions that comply with political, eco nomic, social, technological, ecological and legal factors. One of these solutions aims at optimizing the productivity and the total cost of operation for electric trucks and buses. A big boom is expected in the European market for electric commercial vehicles, especially between 2025 and 2040, FIGURE 1. The main drivers promoting an increase in the market share of fully electric com mercial vehicles are shown in TABLE 1. There are two main cost factors that affect the commercial vehicle market: the initial investment costs and the oper ational costs. The initial investment costs of an electric commercial vehicles are still higher than conventional com mercial vehicles, mainly due to the high costs of the battery component. How ever, subsidies, incentives, efficient bat tery development processes and cost optimized battery designs will reduce the price of this component as well as the operational costs resulting in a lower Total Cost of Ownership (TCO). One upside of a fully electric vehicle is the lower operational costs, which have a positive impact on the TCO. This shift of costs from operational costs to initial investment also leads to more attractive business models, for example regardi
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