Dual-property blue and red emission carbon dots for Fe(III) ions detection and cellular imaging
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Dual-property blue and red emission carbon dots for Fe(III) ions detection and cellular imaging Yin-Long Xu, Rui-Xue Mo, Cai-Yu Qi, Zeng Ren, Xiu-Zhi Jia, Zi-Gui Kan, Cao-Long Li* , Fei Wang*
Received: 26 March 2019 / Revised: 25 April 2019 / Accepted: 22 June 2020 Ó The Nonferrous Metals Society of China and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The excitation wavelength-dependent and -independent emissions are two crucial fluorescent properties of carbon dots (CDs). However, CDs reported till date exhibit only one of these properties, which limits their practical applications. Herein, dual-property carbon dots (DCDs) with both the excitation wavelength-dependent and -independent emissions were synthesized via a facile onestep solvothermal method using 4-(2-pyridylazo)-resorcinol as the carbon precursor. The multi-functional applications of the resulting DCDs were also evaluated. The asprepared DCDs exhibited not only excellent monodispersity, high photostability, and storage stability, but also low toxicity, good biocompatibility, and cellular bioimaging capability. In addition, the DCDs exhibited excitation-dependent emission photoluminescence under low excitation wavelengths. The DCDs exhibited good Fe3? detection by quenching the blue emission fluorescence and showed a relatively low Fe3? detection limit of 0.067 lmolL-1 Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-020-01506-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Y.-L. Xu, R.-X. Mo, C.-Y. Qi, Z.-G. Kan, C.-L. Li*, F. Wang* Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Basic Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China e-mail: [email protected] F. Wang e-mail: [email protected] Z. Ren, C.-L. Li Tibetan Medicine Research Institute, Tibetan Traditional Medical College, Lasa 850000, China X.-Z. Jia School of Basic Medical Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
based on three times signal-to-noise criteria (R2 = 0.99). Furthermore, the DCDs showed excitation-independent emission at low excitation wavelengths and exhibited red emission at about 598 nm to avoid damage to the body. These results demonstrate the excellent bioimaging properties of the DCDs. Owing to their dual PL properties, the as-prepared DCDs exhibited multi-functional applications: Fe3? detection and A549 cell bioimaging. These results will be helpful in developing novel CDs for applications in various fields. Keywords Carbon dots; Solvothermal; Dual properties; Fe3? ions detection; Bioimaging
1 Introduction Carbon dots (CDs), as a new class of photoluminescent (PL) carbon nanomaterials, have attracted tremendous attention in recent years [1–6]. Compared to traditional organic fluorescent dyes and semiconductor quantum dots, CDs exhibit excellent characteristics including facile preparation and modification, high photostability and chemical stability, hypotoxicity, and good biocompatibility. O
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