Dynamic Methods for Damage Detection in Structures
Non destructive testing aimed at monitoring, structural identification and di- nostics is of strategic importance in many branches of civil and mechanical - gineering. This type of tests is widely practiced and directly affects topical issues regarding th
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CISM COURSES AND LECTURES
Series Editors: The Rectors Giulio Maier - Milan Jean Salen9on - Palaiseau Wilhelm Schneider - Wien
The Secretary General Bemhard Schrefler - Padua
Executive Editor Paolo Serafini - Udine
The series presents lecture notes, monographs, edited works and proceedings in thefieldof Mechanics, Engineering, Computer Science and Applied Mathematics. Purpose of the series is to make known in the international scientific and technical conmiunity results obtained in some of the activities organized by CISM, the International Centre for Mechanical Sciences.
INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR MECHANICAL SCIENCES COURSES AND LECTURES - No. 499
DYNAMIC METHODS FOR DAMAGE DETECTION IN STRUCTURES
EDITED BY ANTONINO MORASSI UNIVERSITY OF UDINE, ITALY FABRIZIO VESTRONI UNIVERSITY OF ROMA LA SAPIENZA, ITALY
SpringerWien NewYork
This volume contains 108 illustrations
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by photocopying machine or similar means, and storage in data banks. © 2008 by CISM, Udine Printed in Italy SPIN 12244355
All contributions have been typeset by the authors.
ISBN 978-3-211-78776-2 SpringerWienNewYork
PREFACE
Non-destructive testing aimed at monitoring, structural identification and diagnostics is of strategic importance in many branches of civil and mechanical engineering. This type of tests is widely practiced and directly affects topical issues regarding the design of new buildings and the repair and monitoring of existing ones. The load-bearing capacity of a structure can now be evaluated using wellestablished mechanical modelling methods aided by computing facilities of great capability. However, to ensure reliable results, models must be calibrated with accurate information on the characteristics of materials and structural components. To this end, non-destructive techniques are a useful tool from several points of view. Particularly, by measuring structural response, they provide guidance on the validation of structural descriptions or of the mathematical models of material behaviour. Diagnostic engineering is a crucial area for the application of non-destructive testing methods. Repeated tests over time can indicate the emergence of possible damage occurring during the structure's lifetime and provide quantitative estimates of the level of residual safety. Of the many non-destructive testing techniques now available, dynamic methods enjoy growing focus among the engineering community. Conventional diagnostic methods, such as those based on visual inspection, thermal or ultrasonic analysis, are local by nature. To be effective these require direct accessibility of the region to be inspected and a good preliminary knowledge of the position of the defective area. Techniques based on the study of the dynamic response of the structure or wave propagation, on the contrary, are a potentially effective diagnostic
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