Dynamic Response of Buried Pipelines Retrofitted with Concrete Canvas Panels Under Blast Loading
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RESEARCH PAPER
Dynamic Response of Buried Pipelines Retrofitted with Concrete Canvas Panels Under Blast Loading Hadi Jafari1 · Mohammadreza Atrchian2 · Younes Daghigh3 Received: 8 September 2018 / Accepted: 23 March 2020 © Shiraz University 2020
Abstract In this study, the effect of concrete canvas (CC) panels on retrofitting of buried pipes against surface blast loads in different situations is investigated. The variable parameters studied are CC panels thickness (20 and 30 mm), the number of CC panels (1, 2, 3), soil type (two different soils), and the layout of CC panels (complete wrapping and U-wrap), respectively. For this purpose, the finite element method (FEM) is used to simulate models. In the finite element model, an explosive charge of 45 kg was simulated at a distance of 1 m above the steel pipeline. Validation of FEM used in simulating the present study was examined through comparing with the experimental results, and a good agreement was observed. The most important results show that the maximum stress and displacement in buried pipelines retrofitted with CC panels that are subjected to surface explosive loading are a function of thickness, number, and layout of CC panels, and to achieve optimal performance of CC panels, a combination of these parameters should be evaluated. Keywords Concrete canvas panels · Finite element method · Buried pipelines · Surface explosive loading
1 Introduction Pipeline systems play a key role as one of the vital arteries in reducing or increasing the damage and vulnerability caused by earthquake hazards and explosion charges. Therefore, studying the vulnerability of pipeline systems is very important, because the failure of gas and oil pipes may cause explosions and fires. Vulnerable points that have always been important in natural disasters and wars are the vital arteries of countries. Therefore, retrofitting of these buried pipelines is absolutely necessary. According to the mentioned explanations, in the present study, retrofitting transmission * Mohammadreza Atrchian [email protected] Hadi Jafari [email protected] Younes Daghigh [email protected] 1
Department of Civil Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
2
Department of Civil Engineering, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
3
Department of Civil Engineering, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
lifelines and critical arteries buried in soil using concrete canvas (CC) panels under blast loading has been studied. CC is a promising material in civil and military engineering due to its flexibility, fast construction with low labor cost, and rapid strength development. CC, which was invented by Brewin and Crawford in 2005, is a flexible 3D spacer fabric impregnated with calcium aluminate cement (CAC) powder. Like soft cloth, CC can cover the desired level of the structural element, without mixer equipment. Then, with the addition of water, the solid surface of CC hardens and forms a thin, waterproof, durable, and fireresista
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