Early Blood Biomarkers Distinguish Inflammation from Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemia Encephalopathy
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Early Blood Biomarkers Distinguish Inflammation from Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemia Encephalopathy Po‑Ming Wu1,2 · Chih‑Hao Lin3 · Hsueh‑Te Lee4 · Hsin‑I Shih3 · Chao‑Ching Huang1 · Yi‑Fang Tu1,2 Received: 18 March 2020 / Revised: 4 August 2020 / Accepted: 29 August 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Neonatal hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy is the most common cause of neurological disability in infancy. Superimposed inflammation may further worsen neurological outcomes. Reliable biomarkers which are both sensitive to hypoxic-ischemia and inflammation are critically needed.We tested plasma osteopontin (OPN) and glial fibrillary astrocytic protein (GFAP) within the reported therapeutic window (90 min after hypoxic-ischemic (HI) injury) in neonatal rats with different HI severity and inflammation.Two different HI severity groups (mild-HI with 75 min hypoxia and severe-HI with 150 min hypoxia) were established. Inflammation-sensitized HI brain injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) further increased apoptotic neurons and infarct volumes. In HI alone groups, OPN was significantly decreased (p
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