Effect of Biotin-Targeted Protein-Based Nanoparticles Contain of Curcumin on the Expression of Apoptotic Index Bax and B
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Effect of Biotin‑Targeted Protein‑Based Nanoparticles Contain of Curcumin on the Expression of Apoptotic Index Bax and Bcl2 Proteins Fatemeh Amiri1 · Sanaz Mahmazi1 · Hossein Danafar2
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this study, biotin functionalized bovine serum albumin (BSA-biotin) loaded with curcumin (CUR), was synthesized and evaluated as drug carrier. The aim of this study is evaluation of the curcumin induced apoptosis related proteins, Bcl-2 and Bax expression via targeted albumin based nanoparticles. The synthesized BSA-biotin-CUR was characterized by different techniques such as: TEM, UV–Vis, FTIR, and DLS. The loading efficiency of CUR was 7.9%. The result indicates that the particles were measured around 185.4 nm with a zeta potential of -16.8 mV. Cytotoxicity results on mouse mammary tumor cell line (4T1) confirmed that formulated CUR, BSA-biotin-CUR, has high anticancer effect compared to free CUR. Also, real-time PCR method revealed that BSA-biotin-CUR increased Bax protein expression, and also downregulated Bcl-2 protein in 4T1 cells, which proven the ability of synthesized nanoparticles. We suggest that BSA-biotin-CUR can improve therapeutic effect, of CUR so that it can overcome the limitations of CUR with a great potential for further evaluations and applications. Keywords BSA · Curcumin · Bax · Bcl2 · Target delivery
Introduction The use of natural products is one of the most popular treatment ways in world. Curcumin (CUR) as a natural product extracted from turmeric (Curcuma longa) has several health impresses, such as radical scavenging, anticancer and antitumor activities [1–3]. Genetically, CUR not only can inhibit/downregulate the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), cytochrome P450, leukotrienes B4 and C4, prostaglandin E2, cell cycle cytokines, COX, lipoxygenases, TNF-α and NF-κB activation pathways, Bcl-2, Bcl-XL TNFα, and PKC, but also can also upregulate Bcl-xs and Bax and activates caspase-9 and caspase3 [4–6]. Nevertheless, poor absorption and rapid metabolism, low bioavailability, low solubility and stability, in addition rapid degradation prevent clinical utilization of the CUR [7]. As a result, to * Hossein Danafar [email protected] 1
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan Branch, Zanjan, Iran
Zanjan Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
2
address these shortcomings researchers have been optimizing approaches for improved solubility, bioavailability, and reduced treatment doses [7, 8]. One of the methods which can protect a substance and overcome mentioned obstacles is encapsulation, which is the process of enclosing a drug or substance within a material, and/or attaching substance to biocompatible, biodegradable, biosafe nanoparticles [7, 9]. These, not only can protect the drug but also can sustain the release of CUR [10]. So, nano based drug delivery systems is achievement noteworthy attention beca
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