Effect of Different Initial Structures on the Simulation of Microstructure Evolution During Normal Grain Growth via Phas
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growth process in materials involves the evolution of grain size, shape, and size distribution, which are closely related to the mechanical properties of materials.[1,2] To optimize and design a material preparation process involving the grain growth stage, quantitative description of microstructure evolution during the grain growth process is required. Although there have been many experimental investigations of the grain growth process in different materials, it remains difficult and expensive in terms of both time and money to observe the microstructure evolution throughout the entire grain growth process of the target
JIANBAO GAO, MING WEI, LIJUN ZHANG, YONG DU, ZUMING LIU, and BAIYUN HUANG are with the State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 Hunan, P.R. China. Contact e-mail: [email protected] Manuscript submitted June 5, 2018.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A
material. As an alternative, numerical simulation provides a feasible way to solve this problem. Some numerical approaches have been successfully applied to simulate the grain growth process, including Monte Carlo Potts model,[3–5] Surface Evolver,[6,7] front-tracking method,[8,9] vertex model,[10] cellular automata,[11,12] and phase-field method.[13–20] Most computational models aim to study the grain size distribution (GSD) and the kinetic and topological properties of ideal grain growth in two- or three-dimensional (2-D or 3-D) space to mimic the grain growth process. Among these numerical approaches, the phase-field method is one of the most powerful tools for possible quantitative description of the grain growth process. However, in most phase-field simulations, the initial grain structures for the grain growth simulation are generated using a standard Voronoi construction with a uniform distribution and a maximum grain radius that is less than two times the critical grain radius.[13–15] This simple treatment may result in differences in the GSD, average grain size, and grain morphology from those in experimental grain structures. Benson and Wert[21]
studied the effect of initial GSD on abnormal grain growth using a numerical approach and found that different initial GSDs with the same initial grain size have a noticeable effect on the evolution rate of the critical grain size and the time required for the GSD to reach the steady state. Luo et al.[16] obtained similar results as those of Benson and Wert[21] by using the phase-field method in 2-D. Kim et al.[14] simulated 2-D ideal grain growth with different initial GSDs and different average grain sizes by using the phase-field method, and studied the effect of different initial GSDs on the steady-state GSDs. They obtained the similar steady-state GSDs for different initial GSDs. Unfortunately, they did not study the kinetics of grain growth and do not pay attention to the initial average grain sizes. Yadav and Moelans[20] studied the effect of different initial GSDs on normal grain growth using large-scale 3-D phase-field simulation, finding that the exis
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