Effect of early screen media multitasking on behavioural problems in school-age children
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ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION
Effect of early screen media multitasking on behavioural problems in school‑age children Pornchada Srisinghasongkram1,2 · Pon Trairatvorakul1,2 · Michael Maes3 · Weerasak Chonchaiya1,2 Received: 19 May 2020 / Accepted: 17 August 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Screen media multitasking (SMM), the act of exposure ≥ 2 screen media simultaneously, is increasing nowadays. Single media use was associated with child’s behavioural problems in previous studies. However, the associations between SMM since early childhood and behavioural problems in school-age children had not been elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the association between SMM from age 6 months to 4 years and behavioural problems in 6-year-old children. Two hundred and ninety-one (52.6% girls) healthy children were enrolled since age 6 months and 259 participants were followedup until age 6 years. SMM was obtained at age 6, 12, 18, 24 months, 3 and 4 years. Behavioural concerns were assessed at age 4 years by the Child Behaviour Checklist and by both the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire with the Conners Kiddie Continuous Performance Test at age 6 years. Parenting style, cognitive ability, and baseline characteristics were also ascertained. Partial least squares path modelling was performed to determine both direct and indirect relationships among variables. Results showed that children who had been exposed to SMM for longer duration, specifically at age 18 months, showed more behavioural problems at age 4 and 6 years. Positive parenting during preschool and behavioural concerns at age 4 years were main mediators of those associations. Moreover, SMM in minutes at age 18 months was related to decreased preschool cognition. To minimise behavioural problems in school-age children, SMM should be avoided before 2 years of age so that positive parenting may be successfully implemented since early childhood. Keywords Screen media multitasking · Behavioural problems · Preschool · School-age children · Parenting · Cognitive ability
Introduction Although the latest policy statement from the American Academy of Paediatrics (AAP) suggested that children in each age group should limit and balance their screen media exposure [1], only 20% of parents of children aged 0–8 years * Weerasak Chonchaiya [email protected] 1
Maximizing Thai Children’s Developmental Potential Research Unit, Division of Growth and Development, Department of Paediatrics, Sor Kor Building, 11th Floor, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Rama IV. Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
2
Division of Growth and Development, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
3
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
reported that they knew of such AAP recommendations [2]. Associations between excessive single screen media use and child outcom
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