Effect of fiber hybridization and montmorillonite clay on properties of treated kenaf/aloe vera fiber reinforced PLA hyb
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Effect of fiber hybridization and montmorillonite clay on properties of treated kenaf/aloe vera fiber reinforced PLA hybrid nanobiocomposite P. Ramesh
. B. Durga Prasad . K. L. Narayana
Received: 8 October 2019 / Accepted: 27 May 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Hybrid fiber reinforced polymer nanobiocomposites were prepared from kenaf fiber, aloe vera fiber, polylactic acid (PLA), and montmorillonite (MMT) clay through the compression molding method. The effects of fiber hybridization and MMT clay on their mechanical, water absorption, thermal and biodegradability properties were studied. Before fabrication, kenaf and aloe vera fibers were treated with the 6% sodium hydroxide solution to improve the bonding nature and compatibility between fibers and PLA matrix. Results indicated that the biocomposites thermal, tensile, flexural, impact, abrasion resistance, and water resistance properties were increased by adding of MMT clay. The mechanical properties were found to be increased upon 15 wt% kenaf fiber, 15 wt% aloe vera fiber hybridization and 1 wt% MMT clay incorporated. In addition, the 1 wt% MMT clay included hybrid nanobiocomposite exhibited increased tensile strength, flexural strength, impact
P. Ramesh (&) Research Scholar, JNTUA, Anantapur, AP 515002, India e-mail: [email protected] B. D. Prasad Mechanical Engineering Department, JNTUniversity, Anantapur, AP 515002, India K. L. Narayana Mechanical Engineering Department, SVCET, Chittoor, AP 517127, India
strength, and abrasion resistance by 5.24, 2.46, 37.10, and 23.91%, respectively compared to virgin PLA. Additionally, the tensile and flexural moduli of these nanobiocomposite are improved by 24.61 and 108.09%, respectively, than neat PLA. With the addition of 3 wt% MMT clay resulted in the biocomposite decomposition temperature from 280 to 307 °C at T10 likewise 337 to 361 °C at T75 SEM analysis disclosed that MMT clay strongly enhances the bonding and compatibility among fibers and PLA. TEM result reveals that the quality of MMT dispersion decreases with increase in MMT content. The fiber hybridization improved the biodegradability and water resistance properties of biocomposites, however, the addition of MMT clay improved water resistance but decreased biodegradability. Keywords Polylactic acid Kenaf and aloe vera fiber Montmorillonite clay Hybrid nanobiocomposite Thermo-mechanical properties Water absorption and biodegradability properties
Introduction The improved utilization of plastics throughout the world has been resulted in enhanced plastic waste. The recent developments in recyclable polymers are playing a vital role as today there is an uncertainty of
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petroleum usage in the world (El-Shekeil et al. 2014). Due to higher cost, the bio-plastics are restricted to medical applications like sutures, drug delivery and orthopedic implant fabrications only (Guo et al. 2007; Chen et al. 2007; Greiner et al. 2007). Among all the bio-plastics or p
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