Effect of incubation temperature on lactogenic function of goat milk-derived mammary epithelial cells
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Effect of incubation temperature on lactogenic function of goat milk-derived mammary epithelial cells Nungnuch Saipin 1,2 & Paweena Thuwanut 3 & Sumpun Thammacharoen 1 & Ruttachuk Rungsiwiwut 4 Received: 20 May 2020 / Accepted: 26 October 2020 / Published online: 16 November 2020 / Editor: Tetsuji Okamoto # The Society for In Vitro Biology 2020
Abstract In general, goat mammary epithelial cells (MECs) are cultured in vitro under 37 °C. We demonstrated previously that goat MECs differentiate under 37 °C although their body temperature is approximately 39 °C. This study aimed to investigate the influence of 39 °C on lactogenic differentiation of goat milk-derived MECs. The results revealed that HSP70 gene was significantly elevated at 1 h after an exposure to 39 °C but declined at 48 h thereafter. Oxidative stress status was not significantly affected by 39 °C. Expressions of CSN2, β-GALT1, α-LA, and Akt genes tended to increase after the differentiation under 39 °C. Secretion of lactose under 39 °C was not significantly lower than 37 °C. In conclusion, incubation temperature at 39 °C does not dramatically affect lactogenic function of goat milk-derived MECs. Keywords Mammary gland . Stress response . Lactation . Culture medium . Stem cell
In the mammary glands, mammary epithelial cells (MECs) play major roles in synthesizing and secreting milk components, such as casein and lactose. MECs isolated from mammary gland tissues or milk samples were used for various in vitro studies, including genetic manipulation (Li et al. 2015), proteomics (Li et al. 2017), and several in vitro functions (Liu et al. 2013; Lin et al. 2016). A former study reported that a high incubation temperature (40–42 °C) stimulates a number of cellular responses, including an upregulation of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in bovine MECs (Hu et al. 2016), a decrease in an expression of cell signaling enzymes, protein kinase (Akt) (Bang et al. 2000; Galadari et al. 2008), an apoptosis (Murney et al. 2015), and a loss of their in vitro * Ruttachuk Rungsiwiwut [email protected] 1
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
2
Department of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand
3
Research Unit of Reproductive Medicine and Fertility Preservation, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
4
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
functions (Jin et al. 2016). Although milk synthesis is associated with an increase in cellular oxidative stress (Castillo et al. 2006), an exposure to a long-term hyperthermia impairs the ability of cells and DNA repairs of MECs (Hu et al. 2016; Kapila et al. 2016; Sottile and Nadin 2018). Based on the in vitro culture system, an incubation temperature at 37 °C is generally applied for the culture of several mammalian cells, including goat MECs (Shi et al. 2014; Ogorevc and Dovč 2015). A previous r
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