Effect of methyl orange dye molecule on the structural, optical and electrical properties of the KHOOD single crystals
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Effect of methyl orange dye molecule on the structural, optical and electrical properties of the KHOOD single crystals K. Mahendra1 · Swati Pujar1 · N. K. Udayashankar1 Received: 5 May 2020 / Accepted: 27 July 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In the present investigation, synthesis of pristine and methyl orange dye-doped potassium hydrogen oxalate oxalic acid dihydrate (KHOOD) single crystals are reported. In this study, the structural properties of the crystals were investigated using powder XRD and the effect of dye incorporation on the KHOOD crystal was explored in detail. The effect of dye molecule on the optical absorption of the crystal was studied and the optical band gap was calculated using Tauc relation and presented in detail. Further, the effect on emission and mechanical properties of the crystals were also explored after doping with the dye molecule. Furthermore, the crystals were also studied electrically by subjecting to varying electrical frequencies (A.C) and the properties of pristine and doped crystals were compared and explained in detail. The modulus properties of the crystals were studied and compared. Keywords Semiorganic · Photoluminescence · Electrical studies
1 Introduction In material science, it is important to understand the way crystals are grown. The study of crystal growth carries a large amount of scientifically and technologically useful information. The study of crystalline precision and properties will offer vital information about the crystal quality and its ability to be applied to devices [1]. Also, the potential applications of single crystals are evidently seen in optics, semiconductors, optoelectronics, etc. [2, 3]. Organic materials are receiving attention recently for their probable uses in optical device fabrication because of their large optical nonlinearity, chemical flexibility, lower cutoff wavelengths and short response time [4–6]. Organic materials with large hyperpolarizabilities, due to their donor acceptor strength of the p electron conjugation path through charge transfer axis, have been significantly used in SHG and photonic device applications [7]. Moreover, using only organic materials for the synthesis of new materials is not preferable due to their low mechanical strength (brittle) [8–11]. Even though * K. Mahendra [email protected] 1
Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, P.O. Shrinivasnagar, Karnataka 575025, India
organic materials have several advantages such as excellent optical and nonlinear properties, they may not be able to withstand more stress due to their weak hydrogen bonds. Also, it is not easy to grow them to larger sizes due to poor intermolecular interaction [12–21]. In addition to this, they have poor thermal tolerance. Hence, their practical applications in electronics, optoelectronics, etc. is not encouraged [22]. On the other hand, inorganic materials have excellent mechanical strength, thermal stability and better resistan
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