Effect of molybdenum doping on the structural and magnetic properties of MnFe 2 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles
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Effect of molybdenum doping on the structural and magnetic properties of MnFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles F. Al‑Mokdad1 · Z. Bitar1 · R. Sayed Hassan2 · N. Yaacoub3 · R. Awad1 Received: 31 March 2020 / Accepted: 30 May 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Magnetic nanoparticles M nFe2-xMoxO4 (x = 0.00, 0.04, 0.08 and 0.10) have been prepared by wet coprecipitation method at calcination temperature 673 K. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) was used to study the structural properties of the prepared samples, whereas the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and Mössbauer spectrometry measurements (at T = 300 K and T = 77 K) were used to investigate the magnetic properties. The single-phase cubic spinel structure of the ferrites samples was confirmed by the XRD patterns, and a nonlinear variation in the crystalline size was revealed. VSM hysteresis loops confirmed the ferromagnetic behavior in all the samples with an increase in saturation magnetization with the molybdenum doping. Mössbauer spectra at 300 K showed a mixture of the magnetic sextet and central quadrupole doublet with enhancement in the magnetic sextet in the Mo-doped samples. Moreover, Mössbauer spectra at 77 K revealed the disappearance of the quadrupole doublet in all samples, indicating the enhancement of magnetic properties of manganese ferrites nanoparticles due to Mo-doping. Keywords Mo-doped ferrites · Magnetic nanoparticles · Magnetic properties · Mössbauer spectrometry
1 Introduction Among the various types of nanomaterials that found very wide practical applications in technology, ferrites caught great attention. Ferrites nanoparticles, by their fascinating properties, are the most explored magnetic nanoparticles up to date. The high saturation magnetization (Ms), high electric resistivity, low dielectric loss and the very good chemical stability [1–4] are all properties that make ferrites nanoparticles important candidate in many applications as in inductors, high-frequency systems as well as other biotechnological applications. The properties of spinel ferrites nanoparticles depend on many various factors and mainly on the cations distributions * Z. Bitar [email protected] 1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Materials Science Lab, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
3
Institut Des Molécules Et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM) CNRS UMR‑6283, Le Mans Université, Avenue Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans, France
among the tetrahedral and octahedral sites. Therefore, they are sensitive to the presence of doping cations, the types and the amounts of these cations. Many researchers have focused on investigating the effect of doping on spinel ferrites nanoparticles with various types of dopants [5–7]. Among different types of dopants, transition metal (TM) ions have shown significant effects and changes in the structural, optical, electric, and magnetic properties of spinel ferrites nanoparticles [8–10]. Various TM
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