Carbon-encapsulated MnFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles: effects of carbon on structure, magnetic properties and Cr(VI) removal eff
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Carbon‑encapsulated MnFe2O4 nanoparticles: effects of carbon on structure, magnetic properties and Cr(VI) removal efficiency T. V. Tuyen1 · N. K. Chi2 · D. T. Tien3,4 · Nguyen Tu5 · N. V. Quang3 · P. T. L. Huong5,6 Received: 14 April 2020 / Accepted: 24 June 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this work, the influences of carbon on structure, magnetic properties and Cr(VI) absorption efficiency of carbon-encapsulated MnFe2O4 nanoparticles (MFO/C NPs) are studied. SEM images indicate that the fabricated M nFe2O4 nanoparticles (MFO NPs) are enveloped by carbon layers, forming encapsulating structure. By the BET analysis, it is demonstrated that the average specific surface area of MFO/C samples is higher than that MFO sample. From FTIR and XPS spectra, the presence of carbon-coated MnFe2O4 nanoparticles is confirmed. It is found that the Cr(VI) absorption efficiency of the MFO/C NPs first increases to reach the maximum value at 5% C concentration, and then decreases with the further increment of C concentration. The maximum absorption efficiency and capacity of 90.1% and 73.26 mg/g are obtained, respectively. Finally, a removal mechanism for the removal of Cr(VI) is proposed. The obtained results demonstrate that the carbon-encapsulated MnFe2O4 NPs is a promising candidate as an advanced absorbent for the removal of Cr(VI) from wastewater. Keywords MnFe2O4/C nanoparticles · Cr(VI) removal efficiency · Cr(VI) removal mechanism
1 Introduction
* Nguyen Tu tu.nguyen@phenikaa‑uni.edu.vn * P. T. L. Huong huong.phamthilan@phenikaa‑uni.edu.vn 1
Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Cau Giay District, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
2
Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Cau Giay District, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
3
Department of Chemistry, Hanoi Pedagogical University, 2, Phuc Yen, Vinh Phuc, Vietnam
4
Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Cau Giay District, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
5
Phenikaa Institute for Advanced Study (PIAS), Phenikaa University, Yen Nghia, Ha‑Dong District, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
6
Faculty of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Phenikaa University, Yen Nghia, Ha Dong District, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
Due to the insoluble and toxic characteristics of elements in industrial wastes, researches of removing them from natural water have attracted growing attention [1]. Among the waste elements, Cr is known to be one of the most hazardous, produced from various manufacturing activities such as metallurgy, electroplating, textile [2]. Chrome commonly possesses two stable oxidized forms: Cr(III) and Cr(VI) [3]. Between which, the former is considered to be less harmful than the latter [3, 4]. Adverse health effects of Cr (VI) include gene mutation, teratogenicity or cancer [3, 4]. Hence, Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solution is urgent and should be focused. Currently, there have been a lot of method
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