Effect of Polyethylene Glycol as Additive for Fully Screen-Printable Perovskite Solar Cells
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-020-08249-w 2020 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society
PROGRESS AND CHALLENGES WITH PEROVSKITE MATERIALS AND DEVICES
Effect of Polyethylene Glycol as Additive for Fully Screen-Printable Perovskite Solar Cells JIN HYOK RI,1,2 GWON IL RYU,1 BYOL KIM,1 SONG GUK KO,1 KYONG SU SONU,1 and CHOL IL SO1 1.—Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Life Science, KIM IL SUNG University, Ryongnamdong, Taesong District, Pyongyang, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. 2.—e-mail: [email protected]
One of the efficient strategies for improving the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is to reduce the interfacial recombination loss, as well as to control the crystalline growth of perovskite by using additives. In fully screenprintable hole transport material-free PSCs with carbon electrode, the perovskite penetrates into the mesoporous structure of three layers (TiO2, ZrO2, and carbon), thus it is suggested that improving the perovskite crystalline growth will be very important to decrease the charge recombination and improve the transport of electric charge carriers. In this work, we introduced polyethylene glycol (PEG) as an additive into the perovskite precursor solution, which effectively improved the photovoltaic performance of the device. We found that PEG addition could effectively increase the perovskite crystal size and thus decrease the interfacial recombination loss and improve the light absorption by the perovskite film. When PEG was added, the performance of the solar cell increased from 11.07% to 14.71%, while the long-term stability of the device also improved. Key words: Perovskite solar cells, polyethylene glycol, carbon electrode, one-step deposition method, additive
INTRODUCTION The use of renewable energy sources such as sunlight, wind power, water power, etc. is one of the important ways to satisfy increasing energy demands. In particular, solar cells that can convert sunlight into electricity play an important role in the development of renewable energy technologies. In recent years, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on organic–inorganic halide materials have attracted the most interest in the field of solar cell development.
(Received March 1, 2020; accepted May 28, 2020)
PSCs first appeared during the developmental of dye-sensitized solar cells, and their power conversion efficiency (PCE) has increased from the initial value of 3.9% to over 23%, equaling that of commercial silicon solar cells. They have also attracted great attention due to their low manufacture cost, thus efforts towards the commercialization of PSCs are actively progressing.1–11 To improve the PCE of PSCs and reach commercialization sooner, their architecture should be optimized to ensure a stable output in outdoor conditions and lower-cost fabrication methods should be investigated, but the most important task is to improve the characteristic of the perovskite. The architecture of carbon-based perovskite solar cells is known to offer good long-term stability and has been widely
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