Effect of Regenerated Roots and Shoots on Nicotine Production in Tobacco Tissue Culture
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Effect of Regenerated Roots and Shoots on Nicotine Production in Tobacco Tissue Culture James A. Saunders Drug Information Journal 1998 32: 609 DOI: 10.1177/009286159803200302 The online version of this article can be found at: http://dij.sagepub.com/content/32/3/609
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Drug Information I o u m l , Vol. 32. pp. 609617, 1998 Printed in the USA. All rights reserved.
0092-8615/98
Copyright 0 1998 Drug Information Association Inc.
EFFECT OF REGENERATED ROOTS AND SHOOTS ON NICOTINE PRODUCTION IN TOBACCO TISSUE CULTURE JAMES A. SAUNDERS, PHD Climate Stress Laboratory, NRI, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland
The accumulation of nicotine in regenerated shoot and root tissues of Nicotiana tabacum L. cv MD 872 grown from callus culture has been examined by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC)procedures. The presence of roots on callus tissue dramatically increased the accumulation of nicotine in both callus without shoots and in callus which had regenerated shoots. When shoots were regenerated, the concentration of nicotine that accumulated in callus decreased whether roots were present or not. When varying concentrations of the nicotine precursors ornithine and putrescine were fed to callus derived tissue with and without regenerated roots, the rooted tissue was able to take up the precursors and accumulate nicotine in the shoots in amounts greater than controls. The half-life turnover rate for ’H-nicotine absorbed by the roots and transported into shoots was approximately 48 hours. These experiments indicate that although the root is the major site of synthesis of nicotine in tobacco, the accumulation of nicotine in various parts of the plant is regulated by the interaction of both root and shoot tissue. Key Words: Tissue culture; Alkaloids; Tobacco; HPLC; Translocation
INTRODUCTION THE USE OF TISSUE culture as a tool for the production of secondary natural products of pharmaceutical value has drawn the attention of many different researchers. As the herbal industry adopts more sophisticated techniques for the quantitation and assessment of botanical medicines and supplements, interest in the use of tissue culture as a production system for these plant components is increasing. Many of these types of
Presented at the DIA Workshop “Botanical Quality: Characterization and Identification, Plant Tissue Culture Techniques.” April 9-10, 1996, Washington, District of Columbia. Reprint address: D
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