Effect of stirring environment humidity on electrochemical performance of nickel-rich cathode materials as lithium ion b
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Effect of stirring environment humidity on electrochemical performance of nickel-rich cathode materials as lithium ion batteries Xingyu Wu 2 & Dingshan Ruan 1,2 & Shenghe Tan 2 & Maohua Feng 2 & Bin Li 2 & Guorong Hu 1 Received: 21 May 2020 / Revised: 28 June 2020 / Accepted: 18 July 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The effect of moisture absorption of the nickel-rich cathode material during the stirring process on electrochemical performance was studied. Studies have shown that the sample stirred in low humidity has better electrochemical performance. At 0.2 C, the initial discharge specific capacity is 199.6 mAh·g−1. The capacity retention rate after 50 cycles is 91.4% at 1 C rate, which is 5% higher than the sample stirred in room temperature and humidity. The CV, EIS curves, and SEM images of different samples were analyzed before and after cycle. It indicates that the material will absorb moisture in room temperature and humidity, which can lower amount of lithium, resulting in reduction of initial discharge specific capacity. In cycle, the electrolyte can react with moisture and decompose in the battery, which can be proven from the XPS spectrum. It causes the transportation of lithium ions’ difficulty, the material structure collapsing, and the capacity attenuation. Keywords Li(Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1)O2 . Cathode material . Ternary . Lithium ion battery
Introduction With the importance increases on sustainable development, new energy vehicles are gradually replacing traditional fuel vehicles and became increasingly popular. Lithium ion batteries are used in new energy vehicles by advantage of high specific energy, good cycle performance, stable structure, and environmental friendly. As a key factor of the capacity of lithium ion batteries, cathode materials are being widely studied [1–3]. Nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary materials are widely used in batteries of new energy vehicles because of their advantages, such as high specific capacity, relatively low price, and good thermal stability. It combines the advantages of LiCoO2, LiNiO2, and LiMnO2 cathode materials with
Xingyu Wu and Dingshan Ruan contributed equally to this work. * Dingshan Ruan rds@brunp.com.cn * Guorong Hu hgrhsj@263.net 1
School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
2
Guangdong Brunp Recycling Technology Co., Ltd., Foshan 528100, China
a strong synergistic effect. Nickel element can increase the specific capacity of the material, cobalt element can reduce the mixing degree of Li+ and Ni2+ ions of the material, and manganese element stabilizes the crystal structure of the material [4, 5]. When the Ni content is increased to 80%, it is called nickel-rich ternary material, which can increase the specific capacity and specific energy of the battery up to 200 mAh·g−1 and 300 Wh·kg−1 or more [6–8]. The radius of Li + is 0.076 nm, which is close to the radius of Ni 2+ (0.069 nm); Ni2+ (3a site) easily enters Li+ (3b site) in the lithium ion layer,
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