Effect of the duration of use of aluminum cookware on its metal leachability and cytogenotoxicity in Allium cepa assay
- PDF / 810,489 Bytes
- 7 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 36 Downloads / 176 Views
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Effect of the duration of use of aluminum cookware on its metal leachability and cytogenotoxicity in Allium cepa assay Okunola A. Alabi 1
&
Sulaimon A. Apata 1 & Yetunde M. Adeoluwa 1 & Adewale A. Sorungbe 1
Received: 21 June 2020 / Accepted: 13 July 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Aluminum cookware are widely used in many parts of the world. Data is increasing on the leaching of toxic metals from aluminum cookware into food and drink. In the present study, cytogenotoxicity of water boiled in three different aluminum pots (new, 3-year-old, and 6-year-old) in onion root tip’s dividing cells was evaluated using the Allium cepa assay. The concentrations of Pb, As, Cd, Cu, Ni, and Al in the samples were also analyzed. Onion bulbs were grown in the boiled water samples, while tap water served as the control. Cytological and genetic analyses were carried out after 48 h, while analysis of inhibition of root length was carried out after 72 h. The results showed a significant (p < 0.05) cell proliferation and root growth inhibition compared with the control, which is dependent on the duration of use of the aluminum pots. The boiled water samples also caused modification of the root morphology as well as chromosomal aberrations which include sticky chromosomes, anaphase bridge, and disturbed spindle. The highest cytogenotoxicity was observed in the 6-year-old aluminum pot and the least in the new aluminum pot. Pb, As, Cd, Cu, Ni, and Al analyzed in the samples, with the highest concentrations in the 6-year-old aluminum pot, were believed to be responsible for the cytogenotoxicity observed in the A. cepa assay. The data of this study are indications that the aluminum pot–boiled water contains substances with the potential to be cytotoxic and cause mutations in somatic cells of A. cepa. Keywords Aluminum pot . Heavy metals . Allium cepa . Cytogenotoxicity . Mitotic index . Chromosome aberration
Introduction The high demand for aluminum cookware has led to its increased production. Aluminum cookware is very popular due to its low price and quick heating properties. Aluminum (Al) metal and its alloys are used widely to manufacture cookware, and storage and packaging materials like beverage cans, foil, and pans (Krewski et al. 2007). In developing countries, producers of aluminum cookware depend on scrap metals and used aluminum products such as plates, motor parts, old aluminum pots, broken spoons, and cans that have been used and thrown away, which they pick up from the streets (Oke and Oyeniyi 2013). This source of raw materials for the production of aluminum cookware has made it possible for human Handling Editor: Peter Nick * Okunola A. Alabi [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Department of Biology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
exposure to heavy metals through diet. There is now a serious concern about possible absorption of Al, cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), arsenic (As), and other heavy metals
Data Loading...
