Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on redox homeostasis of rice under Cd stress
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Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on redox homeostasis of rice under Cd stress Hui Li & Xun Wen Chen & Li Wu & Na Luo & Wei Xiong Huang & Ce Hui Mo & Yan Wen Li & Lei Xiang & Hai Ming Zhao & Quan Ying Cai & Ming Hung Wong
Received: 26 May 2020 / Accepted: 10 August 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Aims Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can enhance cadmium (Cd) tolerance and decrease Cd uptake of rice plant. However, in these processes, the essential role of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-antioxidants interactions is so far not investigated.
Hui Li and Xun Wen Chen contributed equally to this work. Responsible Editor: Felipe E. Albornoz Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-020-04678-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. H. Li (*) : L. Wu : N. Luo : W. X. Huang : C. H. Mo : Y. W. Li : L. Xiang : H. M. Zhao : Q. Y. Cai : M. H. Wong Guangdong Provincial Research Centre for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, Department of Ecology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China e-mail: [email protected] X. W. Chen Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China X. W. Chen State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China M. H. Wong The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong, China
Methods We inoculated AMF, Funneliformis mosseae (Fm) and Rhizophagus intraradices (Ri), to upland rice subjected to 0, 2 or 10 mg Cd kg−1 in soil. ROS, antioxidants, chlorophyll, mesophyll cell ultrastructure, Cd concentration and Cd transporters were measured. Results Results showed that the levels of ROS (i.e., superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation) were mitigated in +AMF + Cd treatments, especially in +Ri + Cd, compared with −AMF + Cd. For antioxidants, lower levels of catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, whereas higher levels of glutathione and glutathione peroxidase were observed in +AMF + Cd compared with −AMF + Cd. Chlorophyll content and mesophyll cell ultrastructure were improved by AMF. Cd concentrations in plants were significantly decreased in +AMF + Cd (10 mg Cd kg−1) treatments. Conclusions AMF not only decreased Cd accumulation in rice but also regulated the ROS scavenging activities. The variations of ROS and antioxidants were restrained to smaller ranges by AMF. AMF may assist in Cd restriction and thus helping the host to release glutathione for ROS scavenging. Keywords Crop . Heavy metal . Symbiosis . Reactive oxygen species . Antioxidant . Cd transporter
Introduction Toxicity of cadmium (Cd) in soil and human is of particular interests. Cd has a long biological half
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