Effects of homogeneous irradiation of electron beam with low potential on adhesive strength of polymethyl methacrylate c
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Hironori Sato and Hiroaki Takei Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
Keisuke Iwata Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, and Doctoral Graduate School of Science and Technology, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan (Received 31 October 2008; accepted 8 May 2009)
By using homogeneous electron-beam (EB) irradiation, rapid adhesion between nylon-6 film and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) was successfully developed. Effects of homogeneous irradiation of electron beam with low potential (HIEBL) on adhesive strength of different polymers without glue were investigated. HIEBL less than 0.216 MJ kg1 (MGy) increased the adhesive strength and its strain of laminated composites constructed with nylon-6 film and PMMA, although additional HIEBL at more than 0.432 MGy apparently decreased the adhesive strain. Furthermore, HIEBL less than 0.432 MGy also enhanced the elasticity (ds/de)o of composites. To evaluate the influence of HIEBL on the adhesive strength, electron spin resonance signals that relate to dangling bonds were observed. Both because EB irradiation generated dangling bonds in polymethyl methacrylate and nylon-6, dangling bonds and free atoms, generated by EB irradiation in both polymethyl methacrylate and nylon-6 probably acted reactive and bonding sites to each polymer at interface. Therefore, HIEBL enhanced the adhesive strength as well as elasticity of the composites.
I. INTRODUCTION
Joining techniques to prepare polymer composites for biomedical application has been performed by heating and glue bonding.1,2 However, these methods often decay the adhesive strength as well as chemical properties, which adversely affect human health. If a rapid adhesion can be developed without heating and glue bonding, then it will be possible to find a solution to the problem. On the other hand, a homogeneous irradiation of electron beam with low potential (HIEBL) improves the mist resistance and wetting of inorganic materials.3–5 This improvement is mainly caused by the irradiation formation of dangling bonds. The dangling bonds have also been formed in polymers.6 Because dangling bonds enhance the surface energy, it is possible that the surface energy is one of tools to join the different polymers.7 Thus, a rapid and safe adhesion without glue between different polymers has been explored by using HIEBL. a)
Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected] DOI: 10.1557/JMR.2009.0429 J. Mater. Res., Vol. 24, No. 12, Dec 2009
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Because polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) [-[C (COOCH3)(CH3)CH2]n-] exhibits the high-transparency, light and high-fracture resistivity with low rate of scattering, this structural polymer can be applied to airplane windshields and broad water screens of huge fish tanks in aquaria, as well as biomedical apparatus for artificial bone. The influence of HIEBL on the impact value of
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