Effects of Lactobacillus casei Strain T2 (IBRC-M10783) on the Modulation of Th17/Treg and Evaluation of miR-155, miR-25,
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Effects of Lactobacillus casei Strain T2 (IBRC-M10783) on the Modulation of Th17/Treg and Evaluation of miR-155, miR-25, and IDO-1 Expression in a Cuprizone-Induced C57BL/6 Mouse Model of Demyelination Saeideh Gharehkhani Digehsara,1 Niloofar Name,1 Behnaz Esfandiari,2 Elahe Karim,1 Saba Taheri,2 Maryam Tajabadi-Ebrahimi,1 and Javad Arasteh 1,3 Received May 21, 2020; accepted September 3, 2020
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex inflammatory disease in which demyelination occurs in the central nervous system affecting approximately 2.5 million people worldwide. Recent reports have shown that the gut microbiome plays a crucial role in the functioning of the immune system in inflammatory diseases such as MS. In this study, the cuprizone-induced demyelination mouse model was used to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus casei strain T2 (IBRC-M10783) on the alleviation of these mice. Female C57BL/6 mice (8–10 weeks old) were divided into 6 groups: group 1, normal control; group 2, cuprizone control (oral administration of cuprizone 0.2% w/w for 4 weeks); group 3, probiotic control (oral administration of 1 × 109 CFU/ml probiotic for 4 weeks); group 4, treatment 1 (probiotic for 4 weeks then cuprizone for 4 weeks); group 5, treatment 2 (cuprizone for 4 weeks then probiotic for 4 weeks); and group 6, treatment 3 (cuprizone for 4 weeks then probiotic for 4 weeks with vitamin D3 at a dose of 20 IU/day). Then, TGF-β and IL-17 were measured by ELISA, and the expression of miR-155, miR-25, and IDO-1 was evaluated by real-time PCR. Among the measured microRNAs, the results showed that there was a significant decrease in miR-155 expression between the treatment 1 group and the cuprizone group. In the case of IL-17, the results also showed a significant reduction between the three treatment groups and the cuprizone group. These observations suggest that L. casei can reduce proinflammatory cytokines and reduce demyelinating symptoms in the mouse model.
Abstract—
KEY WORDS: cuprizone; Lactobacillus casei strain T2 (IBRC-M10783); TGF-β; IL-17; miR-155; miR-25; indoleamine2,3-dioxygenase (IDO).
1
Department of Biology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 2 Department of Biology, Islamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr, Iran 3 To whom correspondence should be addressed at Department of Biology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: [email protected]
0360-3997/20/0000-0001/0 # 2020 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
Digehsara, Name, Esfandiari, Karim, Taheri, Ebrahimi, and Arasteh INTRODUCTION Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that severely affects people worldwide and is characterized by the loss of myelin and nerve damage resulting in neurological disability [1, 2]. The onset of MS is usually in young adults and is more common in women [3]. Although the cause of MS is not yet known, several factors, including environmental, genetics, epige
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