Effects of probiotic lactic acid bacteria on growth performance, carcass characteristics, hematological indices, humoral
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Effects of probiotic lactic acid bacteria on growth performance, carcass characteristics, hematological indices, humoral immunity, and IGF-I gene expression in broiler chicken Mandana Salehizadeh 1 & Mohammad Hossein Modarressi 1 & Seyed Naser Mousavi 2 & Maryam Tajabadi Ebrahimi 1,3 Received: 19 February 2019 / Accepted: 15 May 2019 # Springer Nature B.V. 2019
Abstract The effects of screened lactic acid bacteria strains were evaluated on growth performance, humoral immunity, and IGF-1 gene expression in broiler chickens. The three dietary groups of negative control fed basal diet, the native LAB probiotic group (NP), and PrimaLac commercial LAB probiotic (PC) were studied. The results revealed that NP and PC diets significantly improved feed conversion ratio and increased body weight, as well as relative weight of carcass compared with group fed NC diet (P < 0.05). Lymphocyte level was significantly increased in birds fed NP and PC (P < 0.01), while serum triglycerides and total cholesterol levels were significantly decreased compared with the NC (P < 0.05). Significant increases were observed in antibody titers against Newcastle disease virus of vaccinated birds (P < 0.03), and morphological analysis of ileum revealed significant increases (P < 0.05) in the villus height and villus height/crypt depth in birds fed NP and PC compared with the NC. The dietary significantly increased Lactobacillus spp. (P < 0.05), while Escherichia coli (P < 0.04) populations were significantly decreased, and also, the expression of IGF-1 gene in liver tissue of broilers fed NP and PC was significantly increased compared with the NC (P < 0.05). These results indicated that the identified native LAB strains can be used commercially as a low-cost probiotic in poultry industry of Iran. Keywords LAB . Microflora population . Feed conversion ratio . Commercial probiotic . Intestinal morphology
Introduction Poultry industry is one of the fastest-growing animal protein production sectors in the world, where the outbreak of different diseases resulted in huge economic losses (Chang 2007). In poultry industry, control of diseases has mainly focused on antibiotics and vaccination, which besides of the risk of residues for human consumption, the use of antibiotics can lead to overuse and give rise to resistant bacterial strains. The use of probiotic is an effective strategy that recently has been increased due to their beneficial impacts on intestinal microbial balance, as well as health and growth performance of broiler * Maryam Tajabadi Ebrahimi [email protected] 1
Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2
Department of Animal Science, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran
3
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
chickens, resulting in safe and economical production (Afsharmanesh et al. 2013). Recently, several attempts have been made to isolate potential probiotic LAB str
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