Effects of Short-Term Application of Chemical and Organic Fertilizers on Bacterial Diversity of Cornfield Soil in a Kars
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Effects of Short-Term Application of Chemical and Organic Fertilizers on Bacterial Diversity of Cornfield Soil in a Karst Area Ying Li 1,2,3 & Xiuming Liu 2,3 & Lin Zhang 2,3 & Yuanhuan Xie 2,3 & Xianli Cai 2,3 & Shijie Wang 2,3 & Bin Lian 1 Received: 12 February 2020 / Accepted: 3 June 2020 # Sociedad Chilena de la Ciencia del Suelo 2020
Abstract Among karst mountain agricultural fertilization measures, the partial replacement of chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers is important for protecting its vulnerable mountain environment and developing ecologically-friendly agriculture. In this study, we investigated the effects of short-term organic fertilizer application on the bacterial diversity of maize soil in karst areas and the potential of using organic fertilizer as a partial substitute for chemical fertilizers. Two maize fields with different parent materials in a karst region were selected for a short-term field control experiment using chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer treatment, combined with the high-throughput sequencing method of 16S rDNA gene amplicons. (i) The soil physicochemical properties and bacterial diversity of different parent material soil are different, but the main dominant bacterial types are similar. (ii) Shortterm organic fertilizer treatment, rather than chemical fertilizer treatment, increased the bacterial richness significantly, especially for some functional bacteria (such as Nitrospira, Gemmatimonas). (iii) Analysis of the correlation between environmental factors and bacterial diversity indicated that soil pH and total P had the most significant effects on bacterial community structure (r = 0.91, p = 0.001; r = 0.33, p = 0.001). This study showed that it is an effective method to maintain a richer bacterial community and increasing the abundance of some functional bacteria by increasing organic fertilizers and reducing chemical fertilizers in the farm soil in karst regions, which could also be applied to other fragile agricultural ecosystems in the world. Keywords Karst . Soil parent material type . Short-term fertilization . Soil physicochemical properties . Bacterial diversity
1 Introduction The community characteristics of bacteria are sensitive to changes in soil nutrients, pH, and other external conditions, reflecting changes in soil quality in a timely manner (Chu et al. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-020-00274-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Xiuming Liu [email protected] * Bin Lian [email protected] 1
College of Life Sciences, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Wen Yuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
2
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Lincheng Road West, Guiyang 550081, China
3
Puding Karst Ecosystem Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Puding 562100, China
2010; Shen et al. 2010). In addition, b
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