Efficacy of embedded metribuzin and tribenuron-methyl herbicides in field-grown vegetable crops infested by weeds
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Efficacy of embedded metribuzin and tribenuron-methyl herbicides in field-grown vegetable crops infested by weeds Tatyana Volova 1,2 & Alexey Demidenko 1,2 & Natalia Kurachenko 3 & Sergey Baranovsky 1 & Olga Petrovskaya 1 & Anna Shumilova 1 Received: 17 April 2020 / Accepted: 3 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The purpose of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of the experimental formulations of the metribuzin (MET) and tribenuron-methyl (TBM) herbicides embedded in the matrix of degradable poly-3-hydroxybutyrate blended with wood flour in field-grown tomato and beet crops infested by weeds. There is a necessity to develop environmentally friendly and effective means to protect plants because of the shortcomings of the free herbicide forms such as the environmentally unsafe spray application of solutions and suspensions of the widespread metribuzin and tribenuron-methyl herbicides, removal from soil during watering events and rains, and transport to natural aquatic environments, where the herbicides accumulate in the trophic chains of biota. Free TBM is also rapidly inactivated in soil and metabolized to nontoxic products in plants. The efficacy of experimental formulations of metribuzin and tribenuron-methyl embedded in the matrix of degradable poly-3-hydroxybutyrate blended with wood flour was tested in field-grown tomato and beet crops infested with weeds. Application of metribuzin resulted in the highest productivity of tomatoes (2.3 kg/m2) and table beet (3.4 kg/m2), improved biometric parameters of tomato fruits and beet roots, and caused reduction in nitrate nitrogen concentrations in them. The mode of herbicide delivery did not affect sugar contents, but application of both metribuzin and tribenuron-methyl induced a 1.7-fold and 1.4-fold, respectively, increase in vitamin C concentrations in tomato fruits and beet roots relative to the vegetables grown on the subplots treated with free herbicides and the intact plants. Embedded herbicides can be used as preemergence herbicides in the field. Keywords Metribuzin . Tribenuron-methyl . Embedding . Degradable P(3HB) . Weed growth inhibition . Quality of tomato fruits and beet roots
Introduction Vegetables constitute an essential component of human diet. Vegetable crop yields can be enhanced by applying proper agricultural practices, supplying nutrients and water to plants
Responsible Editor: Philippe Garrigues * Anna Shumilova [email protected] 1
Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodnyi av., Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia
2
Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
3
Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University, 90 Mir av., Krasnoyarsk 660049, Russia
and controlling plant pathogens, pests, and weeds (Rao et al. 2016; Li et al. 2017). Tomato is one of the most popular vegetables (Savić et al. 2008), cultivated both in green houses and in the field. Production of tomatoes is growing r
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