Efficacy of postoperative radiotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients with positive circumferential rese

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Efficacy of postoperative radiotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients with positive circumferential resection margin Reiko Otake1 · Akihiko Okamura1   · Kotaro Yamashita1 · Yu Imamura1 · Jun Kanamori1 · Ryotaro Kozuki1 · Keita Takahashi1 · Tasuku Toihata1 · Noriko Yamamoto2 · Takao Asari3 · Shinji Mine1 · Masayuki Watanabe1 Received: 2 April 2020 / Accepted: 15 October 2020 © The Japan Esophageal Society 2020

Abstract Background  The significance of postoperative radiotherapy for residual disease after esophageal cancer surgery remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the efficacy of postoperative radiotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients with positive circumferential resection margin (CRM). Methods  We retrospectively analyzed data from 1190 patients who underwent esophagectomy for ESCC at our hospital from 2005 to 2018, of whom 61 (5.1%) patients were diagnosed with positive CRM of ESCC. Overall survival (OS), progression-specific survival (PSS), local progression-specific survival (LPSS), and clinicopathological factors were compared between patients with and without postoperative radiotherapy. The efficacy of additional radiotherapy on patient outcomes was evaluated. Results  Among the 61 patients analyzed, 29 (47.5%) underwent radiotherapy (RT group) and 32 (52.5%) did not (NRT group). In the RT group, 22 patients (75.9%) received radiotherapy and 7 patients (24.1%) received chemoradiotherapy. The RT group included younger patients, a greater number of upper-esophageal tumors, and a greater rate of R2 resections than the NRT group. The LPSS and PSS of the RT group were significantly better than those of the NRT group (P = 0.007, P