Efficiency improvement of graphene/silicon Schottky junction solar cell using diffraction gratings
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Efficiency improvement of graphene/silicon Schottky junction solar cell using diffraction gratings Ali Fattah1 · Mohammad Bavir2 · Abdollah Abbasi2 · Ali Asghar Orouji2 Received: 6 May 2020 / Accepted: 2 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study investigated the performance of graphene/silicon Schottky junction solar cells and presented two structures based on graphene diffraction gratings to significantly enhance the efficiency of the cells. Rectangular and staircase graphene gratings were employed as the junction pairs for silicon. The main structure and the proposed structures were then investigated at different temperatures, silicon thicknesses, and doping levels. The results showed that graphene grating significantly increased the internal electric field and width of the depletion region compared to the main structure. Moreover, the graphenesilicon interface area was increased at the contact point, consequently decreasing the dangling bonds. These regions also act as anti-reflectors and reduce the reflection of sunlight. The efficiency of the proposed structures, thanks to the aforementioned features, has been reported to be three-fold greater than the main structure. For instance, at the temperature of 300 K, doping level of 1 × 1017 cm−3 and silicon thickness of 500 nm, the short-circuit current, open-circuit voltage, fill factor, and efficiency of the main structure were obtained as 20.3 mA/cm2, 0.154 V, 57.3%, and 1.8%, respectively. For the same conditions, these figures were obtained as 22.4 mA/cm2, 0.398 V, 73%, and 6.54% for the rectangular graphene grating, and 20.8 mA/cm2, 0.397 V, 73%, and 6.08% for the staircase graphene grating, respectively. Keywords Graphene/silicon Schottky junction · Diffraction · Grating · Rectangular · Staircase
1 Introduction Given the significance of renewable energies, numerous studies have been conducted on solar cells for harnessing solar power as the main alternative for replacement of non-renewable energy resources (Kokab et al. 2019; Chen et al. 2020). Solar cells are generally classified into three categories (Tiong and Wang 2020; Parida et al. 2020). The first generation is composed of single-crystalline and polycrystalline silicon with the highest reported * Abdollah Abbasi [email protected] 1
Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Robotic, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
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Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
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efficiency of 26.6% (Green et al. 2019; Yoshikawa et al. 2017). Thin-film solar cells such as CdTs and CIGS are classified in the second category, reportedly offering the highest performance of 23.35% (Nakamura et al. 2019). Including various subcategories, the third category is composed of solar cells based on newfound materials and structures and has been extensively studied for increasing the efficiency of solar cells (Yan et al. 2020). Solar cells based
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