Efficiency of clay materials collected from Ain Jeloula (Central Tunisia) in sunflower oil decolorization
- PDF / 2,478,153 Bytes
- 10 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 56 Downloads / 165 Views
(2020) 5:33
ORIGINAL PAPER
Efficiency of clay materials collected from Ain Jeloula (Central Tunisia) in sunflower oil decolorization Mabrouk Eloussaief1 · Salima Chakroun2 · Nejib Kallel3 · Mourad Benzina1 Received: 25 February 2019 / Accepted: 1 June 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract A clay sample (ANJ) was selected from the upper Eocene deposits at Ain Jeloula (Kairouan, Tunisia). This clay sample was activated for environmental applications by treating it with hydrochloric acid (HCl) to improve its physicochemical properties. Several parameters, including the acid concentration (1–5 N), time in contact with the acid (1–6 h), and the activation temperature (40–90 °C), were adjusted to achieve the maximum specific surface area of the activated clay. Physicochemical characterization of both the untreated and optimally activated materials was performed. XRD analysis showed that the optimally activated clay (denoted ANJact; clay treated with 3 N HCl for 4 h at 70 °C) was dominated by smectite phases. This ANJact had a specific surface area of 125 m2/g. Various amounts (0.25–2 g in 100 mL oil) of ANJact were then used to decolorize (remove the pigment present in) sunflower oil. The decolorization obtained using ANJact was compared to those achieved with a commercial clay material (Tonsil, Clariant, Germany; specific surface area of 147 m 2/g). ANJact and the commercial clay were found to produce similar levels of sunflower oil decolorization (87%). These results indicate that activated clay from the Ain Jeloula deposit can be used to treat oils; there may also be other environmental applications of this activated clay, such as the removal of metals and dyes from wastewaters. Keywords Natural clay · Acid activation · Physicochemical analysis · Purification · Sunflower oil
Introduction
Communicated by Mohamed Ksibi, co-Editor-in-Chief. * Mabrouk Eloussaief [email protected] * Salima Chakroun [email protected] Nejib Kallel [email protected] Mourad Benzina [email protected] 1
Laboratoire de Recherche “Eau, Energie et Environnement” (LR3E, Code LR99ES35), Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP W, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
2
Laboratoire Des Ressources Minérales & Environnement, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
3
Laboratoire Géoressources, Matériaux, Environnements et Changements Globaux (Code LR13ES23), Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP 1171, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia
Vegetable oil produced in tropical countries is an important resource for economic development. Quality edible oils are attracting considerable interest from health-conscious consumers (Khan 2015). Sunflower and colza oils are preferred to other varieties as they have higher linoleic acid levels and minor components with nutritional attributes, allowing greater oil extraction (Liu 2014). Crude sunflower oil contains impurities that influence the quality of the final product by changing its savor and potential color. These oils therefore require a
Data Loading...
