Efficient methanol-degrading aerobic bacteria isolated from a wetland ecosystem
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Efficient methanol-degrading aerobic bacteria isolated from a wetland ecosystem Kavitha Thulasi1 · Arjun Jayakumar1 · Aneesh Balakrishna Pillai1 · Vinod Kumar Gopalakrishnapillai Sankaramangalam2 · Harikrishnan Kumarapillai1 Received: 18 July 2017 / Revised: 27 March 2018 / Accepted: 28 March 2018 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018
Abstract Methylotrophs present in the soil play an important role in the regulation of one carbon compounds in the environment, and thereby aid in mitigating global warming. The study envisages the isolation and characterization of methanol-degrading bacteria from Kuttanad wetland ecosystem, India. Three methylotrophs, viz. Achromobacter spanius KUT14, Acinetobacter sp. KUT26 and Methylobacterium radiotolerans KUT39 were isolated and their phylogenetic positions were determined by constructing a phylogenetic tree based on 16S rDNA sequences. In vitro activity of methanol dehydrogenase enzyme, responsible for methanol oxidation was evaluated and the genes involved in methanol metabolism, mxaF and xoxF were partially amplified and sequenced. The specific activity of methanol dehydrogenase (451.9 nmol min−1 mg−1) observed in KUT39 is the highest, reported ever to our knowledge from a soil bacterium. KUT14 recorded the least activity of 50.15 nmol min−1 mg−1 and is the first report on methylotrophy in A. spanius. Keywords Methanol · Methanol dehydrogenase · Methylotroph · MxaF gene · 16S rDNA
Introduction Methanol is an atmospheric component present ubiquitous in the troposphere and has an average abundance second to methane among organic gases (Harley et al. 2007). Terrestrial ecosystems are the major source of methanol which contributes about 67% of total global methanol emission to the atmosphere as a result of degradation of methyl esters and ethers occur in the plant polymers such as pectin, and lignin. The remaining part is contributed by burning of Communicated by Erko Stackebrandt. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-018-1509-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Harikrishnan Kumarapillai [email protected] 1
Environmental Biology Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India
Chemical Biology Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India
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biomass, biofuels and by industrial emissions (Harley et al. 2007). In troposphere, it reacts with hydroxyl radicals (–OH) resulting in the formation of formaldehyde and carbon monoxide which affects the oxidative capacity of troposphere, influencing the formation of ozone layer (Yang et al. 2013). In soil, a great portion of methanol is oxidized through biological methanol oxidation carried out by the methanol oxidizing bacterial community, and thus prevents the entry of methanol into the upper troposphere and stratosphere (Kolb 2009). Methylotrophic bacteria
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