Biocontrol and plant growth-promoting potentiality of bacteria isolated from compost extract
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Biocontrol and plant growth-promoting potentiality of bacteria isolated from compost extract Imen Zouari . Fatma Masmoudi Mohamed Trigui
. Khaled Medhioub . Slim Tounsi .
Received: 3 September 2020 / Accepted: 12 October 2020 Ó Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract The use of compost extracts is steadily increasing, offering an attractive way for plant growth enhancement and disease management replacing chemical pesticides. In this study, potential mechanisms involved in plant growth promotion and suppressive activity against fungal diseases, of a compost extract produced from poultry manure/olive husk compost, were investigated. Results of physicochemical and microbiological investigations showed high ability to reduce Fusarium oxysporum, Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus niger and Botrytis cinerea growth. The suppressive ability detected using confrontation test and the phytostimulatory effect tested on tomato seeds were related mainly to its microbial population content. Among 150 bacterial strains, isolated from the compost extract, 13 isolates showed antifungal activity against the four tested plant pathogenic fungi. Their identification based on 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed they belonged to different species of the genus Bacillus, Alcaligenes, Providencia and Ochrobactrum. When tested for their ability to produce cell wall degradation enzymes using
specific media, the majority of the 13 isolates were shown to synthesize proteases, lipases and glucanases. Similarly, the best part of them showed positive reaction for plant growth promoting substances liberation, biosurfactant production and biofilm formation. In vivo tests were carried out using tomato seeds and fruits and proved that 92% of strains improved tomato plants vigor indexes when compared to the control and 6 among them were able to reduce decay severity caused by B. cinerea over 50%. Principal component analysis showed an important correlation between in vitro and in vivo potentialities and that Bacillus siamensis CEBZ11 strain was statistically the most effective strain in protecting tomato plants from gray mould disease. This study revealed the selected strains would be useful for plant pathogenic fungi control and plant growth promotion.
I. Zouari F. Masmoudi (&) S. Tounsi Laboratory of Biopesticides, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, P.B. 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia e-mail: [email protected]
Introduction
K. Medhioub M. Trigui Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Sustainable Development (LASED), Sfax Preparatory Engineering Institute, University of Sfax, BP 1172-3018, Sfax, Tunisia
Keywords Compost extract Fungal pathogens Gray mould disease PGP attributes Principal component analysis
Plants are exposed to numerous biotic constraints, especially those of fungal origin. These fungi cause serious agricultural products losses annually (Ekundayo et al. 2011). Arsenal of pesticides are widely used to resolve these problems. Such chemicals affect
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