Electrochemical aspects of cyclodextrin, calixarene and cucurbituril inclusion complexes
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REVIEW ARTICLE
Electrochemical aspects of cyclodextrin, calixarene and cucurbituril inclusion complexes Bosco Christin Maria Arputham Ashwin1 · Poovan Shanmugavelan2 · Paulpandian Muthu Mareeswaran3 Received: 20 July 2020 / Accepted: 26 September 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The electrochemical behaviour of the host–guest complexes formed by cyclodextrin, calixarene and cucurbiturils host molecules with simple organic guest molecules and their applications using electrochemical studies are discussed in detail in this review. The change in the redox behaviour of the individual molecules upon complexation and the unique properties of the complexes formed are elaborated. The methodology and various electrochemical techniques used for the investigation of these host–guest are categorised with respect to the analytical methods. The electrochemical behaviour upon binding of host with guest and their applications are analysed in detail. The applications are ranging from simple molecular detection to sensing of toxicants, pollutants and biomolecules. The identification of cancer cells and discrimination of chiral molecules are the noteworthy application of these supramolecular electrochemical sensing systems. The aspects discussed in this review could help to extend the electrochemical applications of host–guest systems to utilize them in the highly important applications like cancer detection and pollutant detection. Keywords Calixarene · Cucurbituril · Cyclodextrin · Cyclic voltammetry · DPV · Sensor · p-sulfonatocalix[n]arene · Host– guest interaction
Introduction In supramolecular chemistry, the studies on host–guest complexes are the prime area of interest [1]. The interaction between host and guest molecules have plenty of information about the whole system and about the local vicinity of the interaction site. This information can be utilised to understand various process at the molecular level and can be applied to fabricate various sensor systems. This interacting information can be interpreted using various signalling pathways like absorption, emission and magnetic resonance techniques. However, the electrochemical techniques are * Paulpandian Muthu Mareeswaran [email protected]; [email protected] 1
PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Pioneer Kumaraswamy College, Nagercoil 629 003, Tamilnadu, India
2
Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Tamilnadu Open University, Chennai 600 015, Tamilnadu, India
3
Department of Industrial Chemistry, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamilnadu, India
most reliable techniques both for studying the host–guest interaction and converting the signal transduction due to these interaction into sensor systems. The change in the redox systems studied using electrochemical techniques are helpful in studying electron transfer and reaction mechanism of the host–guest system [2]. This review focuses on the electrochemical studies of the hosts cyclodextrins, calixarenes and cucurbiturils with different guest molecul
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