Electrochemical DNA detection of hepatitis E virus genotype 3 using PbS quantum dot labelling
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RESEARCH PAPER
Electrochemical DNA detection of hepatitis E virus genotype 3 using PbS quantum dot labelling Duy Ba Ngo 1 & Thanyarat Chaibun 2 & Lee Su Yin 3 & Benchaporn Lertanantawong 2 & Werasak Surareungchai 1,4 Received: 24 September 2020 / Revised: 6 November 2020 / Accepted: 10 November 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The aim of this study was to develop a highly specific electrochemical DNA sensor using functionalized lead sulphide (PbS) quantum dots for hepatitis E virus genotype 3 (HEV3) DNA target detection. Functionalized-PbS quantum dots (QDs) were used as an electrochemical label for the detection of HEV3-DNA target by the technique of square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV). The functionalized-PbS quantum dots were characterized by UV-vis, FTIR, XRD, TEM and zeta potential techniques. As-prepared, functionalized-PbS quantum dots have an average size of 4.15 ± 1.35 nm. The detection platform exhibited LOD and LOQ values of 1.23 fM and 2.11 fM, respectively. HEV3-DNA target spiked serum is also reported. Keywords PbS quantum dots . Functionalization . Electrochemical DNA sensor . HEV3
Introduction Hepatitis E is a liver disease caused by infection with a virus known as the hepatitis E virus [1]. There are four different types of virus have been reported including genotypes 1, 2, 3 and 4 [2, 3]. Genotypes 1 and 2 have been identified in humans which are transmitted through water [4, 5] and blood donation [6, 7], whereas genotypes 3 and 4 have been circulated in several animals [3, 8] (including pig, wild boar and deer) without symptoms, and occasionally infect humans [4, 9]. Infection cases of the HEV3 have been reported in most countries [10], and were typically chronic infections, and * Benchaporn Lertanantawong [email protected] * Werasak Surareungchai [email protected] 1
School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkhuntien-Chaitalay Road, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
2
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
3
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, Jalan, Bukit Air Nasi, 08100 Bedong, Kedah, Malaysia
4
Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Graduate Program, Faculty of Science King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi Pracha Uthit Rd Bangkok 10140 Thailand
opportunistic for immunocompromised hosts [11, 12]. A vaccine has been reported by a Chinese research team [13, 14], but is not yet commercially available [15–18]. Furthermore, information about the infective dosage of HEV in humans and animals is limited. The percentage of people infected by HEV in Bangladesh was 75% and India 44%, and 10–30% of pregnant women died during the final trimester of pregnancy [19, 20]. Southeast Asia has a high infection rate for HEV of around 12 million cases, 42,000 deaths and 1800 stillbirths annually [18, 21]. The number of HEV cases has increased in Thailand du
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