Electroflotation treatment of stabilized landfill leachate using titanium-based electrode
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Electroflotation treatment of stabilized landfill leachate using titanium‑based electrode A. M. H. Shadi1 · M. A. Kamaruddin1 · N. M. Niza1 · M. I. Emmanuel1 · Md. S. Hossain1 · N. Ismail1 Received: 12 June 2020 / Revised: 15 September 2020 / Accepted: 31 October 2020 © Islamic Azad University (IAU) 2020
Abstract Landfill leachate is one of the most obstinate wastewaters to be treated due to its toxic organic and inorganic pollutants. The landfill leachate must be treated prior to discharge into a watercourse in order to preserve human health and ecosystem. Precharacterization of raw landfill leachate was done to identify the concentration of certain pollutants, in which the effluent concentration of chemical oxygen demand, ammoniacal nitrogen, and color was 1990 mg/L, 300 mg/L, and 1946 Pt–Co, respectively. The present study was conducted to treat raw landfill leachate using the electroflotation system with a designed titanium and coated titanium DSA electrodes. The experiments were conducted following the central composite design of experiments, and the design was analyzed using response surface methodology (RSM). The influence of current density, initial pH, and contact time was evaluated on the removal of COD, N H3–N, and color by ANOVA. It was found that current density and pH were the most effective parameters on COD and NH3–N removal; nevertheless, the color obtained the highest removal was up to 80%. The optimal experimental conditions were determined to be current density of 28 (A/m2), initial pH 6.0, and processing time of 30 min. Under these experimental conditions, the maximum removal of COD, color, and NH3–H was 75%, 63%, and 83%, respectively. The findings of the present study reveal that the electroflotation technique could be utilized to treat landfill leachate as an effective pre-treatment process. Keywords Dimensionally stable anodes · Landfill leachate · Electroflotation · Pre-treatment response surface methodology · Chemical oxygen demand
Introduction The current municipal solid waste disposal is mainly focused on landfilling, which has been a common practice for years, especially in open dumping sites that cause hazardous environmental and social issues overall (Li et al. 2017a, b; Johari et al. 2014). However, due to their popularity, these dumping sites are becoming limited as they are filling up rapidly, and factors such as high land prices and limited space, especially in cities that are also increasing in population, make it more challenging for industries to build new dumping sites to get rid of these wastes (Abd Manaf et al. 2009). Editorial responsibility: Samareh Mirkia. * M. A. Kamaruddin [email protected] 1
Environmental Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 George Town, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
The high amount of wastes in these landfills are now bringing about another issue, which is a high level of leachate (Mukherjee et al. 2015). When excess rainwater percolates through the layers of waste in the l
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