Tunisian landfill leachate treatment using Chlorella sp.: effective factors and microalgae strain performance
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ICAGE 2016
Tunisian landfill leachate treatment using Chlorella sp.: effective factors and microalgae strain performance Maroua El Ouaer 1,2 & Amjad Kallel 3 & Mariam Kasmi 1 & Abdennaceur Hassen 1 & Ismail Trabelsi 1
Received: 18 June 2017 / Accepted: 11 October 2017 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2017
Abstract The potential of the autoclaved Tunisian landfill leachate treatment using microalgae (Chlorella sp.) cultivation was investigated in this study. Landfill leachate was collected from Borj Chakir landfill, Tunisia. A full factorial experimental design 22 was proposed to study the effects of the incubation time and leachate ratio factors on the organic matter removal expressed in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammoniacal nitrogen (NH4─N) and on the biological response of Chlorella sp. expressed by the cell density and chlorophyll content. All experiments were batch runs at ambient temperature (25 ± 2 °C). The Chlorella sp. biomass and chlorophyll a concentrations of 1.2 and 5.32 mg L−1, respectively, were obtained with 10% leachate spike ratio. The obtained results
showed that up to 90% of the ammoniacal nitrogen in landfill leachate was removed in 10% leachate ratio spiked medium with a residual concentration of 40 mg L−1. The maximum COD removal rate reached 60% within 13 days of incubation time indicating that microalgae consortium was quite effective for treating landfill leachate organic contaminants. Furthermore, with the 10% leachate ratio spiked medium, the maximum lipid productivity was 4.74 mg L−1 d−1. The present study provides valuable information for potential adaptation of microalgae culture and its contribution for the treatment of Tunisian landfill leachate. Keywords Chlorella sp. . Landfill leachate . Organic matter removal . Incubation time . Experimental design
This article is part of the Topical Collection on Georesources and Environmental Management * Maroua El Ouaer [email protected] Amjad Kallel [email protected] Mariam Kasmi [email protected] Abdennaceur Hassen [email protected] Ismail Trabelsi [email protected] 1
Laboratory of Wastewater Treatment and Recycling, Center of Water Research and Technologies (CERTE), BP 273, 8020 Tunis, Soliman, Tunisia
2
Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Science of Tunis (FST), El Manar University, University Campus, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
3
Laboratory 3E, Sfax National School of Engineers, University of Sfax, 3038 Sfax, PB 1173, Tunisia
Introduction Landfilling of industrial and domestic waste in controlled landfill is the most common technique for waste management worldwide. Statistics show that the average waste generation per capita is between 180 and 240 kg per year in developing countries (Daniel and Perinaz 2012). This is about 1.5 to 2.5 times less than industrialized countries (Thonart and Diabate 2005; Ramakrishna 2016). In 2014, the average of municipal solid waste (MSW) production in the European Union was 131 kg per year per capita (Eurostat 2016). Meanwhile, in Tunisia, the MSW average was about
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