Electro-coagulation treatment of raw and autoclaved landfill leachate with aluminum electrodes: case study of Djebel Cha
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ICAGE 2016
Electro-coagulation treatment of raw and autoclaved landfill leachate with aluminum electrodes: case study of Djebel Chakir (Tunisia) Amjad Kallel 1 & Anis Attour 2,3 & Ismail Trabelsi 4
Received: 29 December 2016 / Accepted: 23 January 2017 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2017
Abstract Landfilling is a common practice worldwide for solid waste management. The leachate generated at landfill sites contains various organic and inorganic pollutants while it sh ould be treated properly. In this stu dy, the electrocoagulation (EC) process was recognized for its simplicity and effectiveness which was used for the treatment of leachate from the Djebel Chakir landfill site in northern Tunisia. In addition, we investigated the effect of microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, fungi, spore) on sludge production by the application of autoclaving treatment on raw leachate. The application of low current density (15 mA/cm2) within 2 h of treatment and using Al-Al electrodes revealed significant improvement of performance when autoclaving was applied. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nitrogen removal increased from 39 to 64% and from 13 to 30%, respectively. The sludge volume was reduced from 40 to 10%, and thus, its handling and disposal costs would be significantly decreased. The energy consumption rate was stable after 40 min of This article is part of the Topical Collection on Georesources and Environmental Management. * Amjad Kallel [email protected]
1
Laboratory of Water, Energy and Environment, Sfax National School of Engineering, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1173, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
2
Laboratory of Natural Water Traitement, Water Researches and Technologies Center (CERTE), Borj-Cedria Technopark, 8020 Soliman, Tunisia
3
Institut Supérieur des Sciences et Technologies de l′Environnement, Université de carthage, P.O. Box 1003, 2050 Borj Cedria, Tunisia
4
Laboratory of Wastewater Treatment and Valorization, Water Research and Technologies Center (CERTE), Borj-Cedria Technopark, 273, 8020 Soliman, Tunisia
treatment at about 0.8 kWh/kg COD removed. Our study shows that removal of microorganisms by autoclaving prior to the EC process is promising for landfill leachate treatment. However, since autoclaving is far from being practical and cost-effective at full-scale plant, research on coupling EC with an alternative disinfecting process might be of great interest. Keywords Electrocoagulation (EC) . Leachate . Autoclaving . Sludge volume . COD
Introduction In many developing countries, waste with high organic content is still being dumped in landfill sites. The high moisture content of municipal solid waste and the percolation of water through waste layers generate leachate which is considered as the most persisting contaminated effluent of landfills (Christensen et al. 1992; Kjeldsen et al. 2002; Tchobanoglous and Kreith 2002). The leachate composition varies according to the waste age and to the chemical/ biological reactions inside the landfill. Overtime, the leachate is converted to effluent with a
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