Electronic Markets on electronic markets in education
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EDITORIAL
Electronic Markets on electronic markets in education Rainer Alt 1 & Hans-Dieter Zimmermann 2
# Institute of Applied Informatics at University of Leipzig 2016
Dear readers of Electronic Markets, Digital transformation is a universal phenomenon that has the potential to change many industries. Among the well-known examples are the media, travel or retail industry with the financial and automotive industry well underway. By enabling electronic linkages between organizations and customers, information technologies have reduced transaction costs and led to more networked supply chains and entire digital ecosystems. This evolution was described in the editorial of the third issue in 2014, which also proposed two definitions of electronic markets (Alt and Zimmermann 2014): while a narrow conceptualization conceives electronic markets as platforms with price discovery, a wider understanding also includes all electronic applications that enable the networking among organizations and/or customers. Whereas the first interpretation focuses on electronic intermediaries, the second is broader and also covers portals as well as systems for electronic ordering or customer service and solutions for electronic data interchange among organizations. Since the 1980s a wide body of literature has emerged that aims to understand and design the possibilities as well as the effects of electronic markets. Today, electronic platforms are the backbone of many digital business models since their topology allows to link a variety of mobile, social and/or business applications. For example, business models of * Rainer Alt [email protected] Hans-Dieter Zimmermann [email protected] 1
Information Systems Institute, Leipzig University, 04109 Leipzig, Germany
2
FHS St. Gallen, University of Applied Sciences, Rosenbergstrasse, 59, 9001 St. Gallen, Switzerland
the sharing economy would not be feasible without centralized user registries, catalogs, coordination or trust mechanisms.
Digital transformation in academic publishing However, academic research and education on digital transformation is only one side of the coin. The other is the digital transformation of academia itself. In a series of three editorial papers Electronic Markets has already analyzed the existing situation and possible future developments in the area of academic publishing: The first focus was on reviewing (Alt et al. 2015), which is regarded a key element for assessing the quality or value of academic work. An inflation in the number of academic outlets – journals as well as conferences – corresponds to the key role of publications in academic qualification processes and leads to an increased number of reviews that are necessary. Although knowledge on process management has been widespread since the 1990s, review processes have often remained long and little transparent. Applying the principles of process management also to review processes has been proposed as one measure in this editorial, which might at least be a contribution to relieve
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