Embryonic Stem Cell Therapy for Osteo-Degenerative Diseases Methods
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) offer an unlimited self-renewing capacity, as opposed to the limits of adult stem cells; therefore, ESCs represent an almost bottomless resource for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering approaches. In Embryonic Stem Cel
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Molecular Biology™
Series Editor John M. Walker School of Life Sciences University of Hertfordshire Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK
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Embryonic Stem Cell Therapy for Osteo-Degenerative Diseases Methods and Protocols
Edited by
Nicole I. zur Nieden Department of Cell Biology & Neuroscience and Stem Cell Center, University of California at Riverside, Riverside CA, USA
Editor Nicole I. zur Nieden Department of Cell Biology & Neuroscience and Stem Cell Center University of California at Riverside Riverside, CA, USA [email protected]
ISSN 1064-3745 e-ISSN 1940-6029 ISBN 978-1-60761-961-1 e-ISBN 978-1-60761-962-8 DOI 10.1007/978-1-60761-962-8 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2010938795 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Humana Press, c/o Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of going to press, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Humana Press is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface Degenerative cartilage and bone diseases have challenged physicians for many decades due to the inherent inability of the tissue to repair itself when ailing. Patients afflicted not only suffer from physical pain, but their quality of life is decreased as these diseases often progress, going hand in hand with physical disability. Although conventional treatment regimens can ameliorate the condition, full recovery is never achieved. Here, tissue engineering using stem cells has brought a promising new approach to the treatment of such diseases. Whereas adult stem cells, such as mesenchymal stem cells, are already tested in clinical trials and have brought some success in spinal disc and cartilage regeneration, this particular stem cell source may have some disadvantages in the context of certain other diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells senesce in culture, which ultimately means that maximum cell number reached after in vitro expansion might not suffice to fill
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