Emergency Handling for MAC Protocol in Human Body Communication
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Research Article Emergency Handling for MAC Protocol in Human Body Communication Buyanjargal Otgonchimeg1 and Youngmi Kwon2 1
Department of Policy and Planning, Information Communications Technology and Post Authority (ICTPA), Ulaanbaatar 15160, Mongolia 2 Department of Information Communication Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea Correspondence should be addressed to Youngmi Kwon, [email protected] Received 30 September 2010; Accepted 27 January 2011 Academic Editor: Arie Reichman Copyright © 2011 B. Otgonchimeg and Y. Kwon. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The human body communication (HBC) is a technology that enables short range data communication using the human body as a medium, like an electrical wire. Thus it removes the need for a traditional antenna. HBC may be used as a type of data communication in body area network (BAN), while the devices are being in contact with body. One of important issues in BAN is an emergency alarm because it may be closely related to human life. For emergency data communication, the most critical factor is the time constraint. IEEE 802.15.6 specifies that the emergency alarm for the BAN must be notified in less than 1 sec and must provide prioritization mechanisms for emergency traffic and notification. As one type of BAN, the HBC must follow this recommendation, too. Existing emergency handling methods in BAN are based on the carrier sensing capability on radio frequencies to detect the status of channels. However, PHY protocol in HBC does not provide the carrier sensing. So the previous methods are not well suitable for HBC directly. Additionally, in the environment that the emergency rate is very low, the allocation of dedicated slot(s) for emergency in each superframe is very wasteful. In this work, we proposed specific emergency handling operation for human body communication’s medium access control (HBC-MAC) protocol to meet the emergency requirements for BAN. We also showed the optimal number of emergency slots for the various combinations of beacon intervals and emergency rates.
1. Introduction The IEEE 802.15 Task Group 6 (BAN Group) is developing a communication standard optimized for low power devices operating on, in, or around the human body (but not limited to humans). It covers a variety of applications in medical area, consumer electronics area, personal entertainment area, and so forth [1]. A typical wireless BAN consists of a number of inexpensive, lightweight, and miniature sensor platforms from application to application, each featuring one or more physiological sensors. For example, 12 for cardiac arrhythmia monitor/recorder, 6 for wireless capsule endoscope, and 12 for insulin pump. The usual number of nodes is expected
to 12 in the standard document. The sensors could be located on the body as tiny intelligent patches, integrated into
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