Energy and Environment in Saudi Arabia: Concerns & Opportunities
The vast oil resources in Saudi Arabia have for decades encouraged a generous system of oil subsidies, making the Kingdom one of the leading countries in the world with the cheapest domestic price of oil. Such subsidies have, however, encouraged inefficie
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Nahed Taher • Bandar Hajjar
Energy and Environment in Saudi Arabia: Concerns and Opportunities
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Nahed Taher Gulf One Investment Bank Jeddah Saudi Arabia
Bandar Hajjar Jeddah Saudi Arabia
ISBN 978-3-319-02981-8 ISBN 978-3-319-02982-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-02982-5 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2013953576 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Introduction
The global dilemma of environmental issues in the past three decades has resulted in awakening of the whole world. These issues, which are largely associated with humankind’s insatiable quest for natural resources in the industrialization process, have raised global concerns for a considerable period of time, such that during the past few decades a number of high powered reports have highlighted and proffered a wide range of solutions to such challenges both at national and international levels. At the international level, tackling environmental problems, such as global warming, depletion of the ozone layer, contamination of coastal and marine resources, and diminution of tropical forests, requires concerted efforts of all countries, as well as cross-border cooperation and agr
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