Enhanced light-matter interactions in size tunable graphene-gold nanomesh
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Research Letter
Enhanced light-matter interactions in size tunable graphene– gold nanomesh Vivek Garg , IITB-Monash Research Academy, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India; Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia Bhaveshkumar Kamaliya, IITB-Monash Research Academy, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India; Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia; Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India Rakesh G. Mote , Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India Jing Fu, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia Address all correspondence to Rakesh G. Mote at [email protected] (Received 11 October 2019; accepted 9 December 2019)
Abstract A hybrid graphene–gold nanomesh, realized through Au deposition on a patterned graphene nanomesh with a focused ion beam, is introduced and illustrated for enhanced light absorption in the visible spectrum. Numerical studies reveal that the hybrid nanomesh with dual resonances in the visible spectrum exhibit ∼50% light absorption and enhancement factor as high as ∼1 × 108. The simulations also show that the enhanced optical absorption is associated with the excitation of surface plasmons. This is confirmed through the localization of electric fields at the resonant wavelengths. Such a hybrid graphene–gold nanomesh exhibiting enhanced light-matter interactions paves the way toward plasmonics, surface-enhanced Raman scattering applications, etc.
Introduction Graphene, due to the outstanding electron transport properties, along with excellent mechanical properties, has opened a new pathway in electronics.[1] However, the device applications of graphene due to the zero bandgap are limited. The efforts have been made to introduce a bandgap through defect engineering of graphene.[2] Graphene patterning has also been used for bandgap opening and graphene transformation from semimetal to semiconductor for applications in plasmonics.[3–6] The patterning of graphene can be employed for sizeable bandgap engineering, based on quantum confinement induced by patterned graphene, making it an important research area.[7] The low light absorption of graphene in the visible spectrum has attracted significant research efforts for enhancing its interactions with light.[8,9] Patterning of graphene can be used for the confinement of light at the nanoscale and has led to the development of tunable photonic/plasmonic structures and devices by modulation of the optical response.[10–12] Further, the integration of graphene with metallic plasmonic nanostructures provides enhanced light-matter interactions[8] and has the potential for applications in phototransistors,[13] surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS),[9] biosensors
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