Enhanced structure, dielectric, and thermal properties of attapulgite clay and hexagonal boron nitride admixture loaded
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Enhanced structure, dielectric, and thermal properties of attapulgite clay and hexagonal boron nitride admixture loaded polymer blends E. Dhanumalayan1 and S. Kaleemulla2,* 1
Thin Films Laboratory, Department of Physics, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India 2 Thin Films Laboratory, Center for Crystal Growth, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
Received: 18 June 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 23 August 2020
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) polymer blends were prepared by loading optimized quantity of attapulgite clay (AT) and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanopowder admixture. The crystalline phases were confirmed by X-ray diffraction patterns owing to the crystallinity of PVDF and h-BN. The shape and dimension of AT and h-BN fillers were confirmed by transmission electron microscope. The morphological changes were confirmed by scanning electron microscope, and the chemical composition of elements in the blends was confirmed by energy-dispersive spectroscopy. Frequency-dependent dielectric properties of the mixtures were explored as a function of temperature. The dielectric constant (er) was improved (* 6.87) when the AT and h-BN were loaded in an equal ratio (5:5 wt%). A low dissipation factor (tan d) was obtained (* 0.2) for the optimized loadings of AT and h-BN. Thermal stability of the blends was studied, and a delay in the degradation process at various steps was studied for AT/h-BN-incorporated PVDF/PMMA blends. The overall results suggest that the optimized loading of AT and h-BN significantly improved the dielectric and thermal properties of the PVDF/PMMA blends.
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Springer Science+Business
Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
1 Introduction The dielectric properties of polymers have an utmost significant role in energy storage devices, electrochemical sensors, capacitors, and actuators [1]. Generally in polymer dielectrics, the dissipation of
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-04337-z
energy, and lack of stability under high temperatures and electric field will result in high dielectric loss. The dielectric loss will play a great role in its performance. The mobility of impurity ions contributes to high dielectric loss when an external electric field is applied. It is also well known that the efficiency of a polymer dielectric medium depends on the
J Mater Sci: Mater Electron
microstructural properties [2, 3]. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is well known for its piezoelectric property in electrical applications. The arrangement and orientation of the dipoles reduce the electroactive properties of PVDF. The PVDF exhibits five different polymorphic phases namely ‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’, ‘e’, and ‘d’ where the ‘a’ and ‘e’ phases are non-electroactive phases [4, 5]. Continuous efforts are being put to transform these polymorphs for various electrical applications. In this regard, several effective techniques were applied to fabrica
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