Enhancement of Turbine Performance Using Root Cause Failure Analysis and LPDE Correction
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TECHNICAL ARTICLE—PEER-REVIEWED
Enhancement of Turbine Performance Using Root Cause Failure Analysis and LPDE Correction J. K. Mohanty . Mantosh Sihna . A. Adarsh . N. Prabhakaran . P. R. Dash . P. K. Pradhan
Submitted: 10 June 2020 Ó ASM International 2020
Abstract Availability of electrical power round the clock and throughout the year is essential for industrial and economic growth of any country. The present era of fierce competition harnessed with financial constraints brought in the concepts of reliability and availability to necessitate continuity in power generation process. Reliability of a whole power plant depends upon the reliability of its individual equipments and machines. Turbine is the most important and complex equipment in a thermal power plant. A steam turbine extracts thermal energy from pressurized steam and uses it to do mechanical work on a rotating output shaft, which in turn is coupled with a generator to produce electricity. Though there are various modes of the imperfection in a turbine, undesirable LPDE (low-pressure differential expansion) is one of those. In this experimental work, the root cause failure analysis is done for the undesired LPDE of a turbine, to explore the various reasons of it. The necessary rectification has been made to eliminate higher LPDE, and the performance of the turbine has been enhanced. Keywords Thermal power plant Steam turbine Root cause failure analysis LDPE error
J. K. Mohanty P. R. Dash P. K. Pradhan (&) Mechanical Engineering Department, VSSUT, Burla, Odisha, India e-mail: [email protected]
Introduction Thermal power plants use steam turbines, which are coupled with generators to produce electricity. The generators rotate at constant synchronous speeds according to the required frequency of the electric power system. Though there are various types of power plants, thermal power plants produce a larger part of electrical power (almost 80%) of the world requirement [1]. A steam turbine is a prime mover, which continuously converts the energy of high-pressure and high-temperature steam into shaft work and finally low temperature steam being exhausted to a condenser [2]. A steam turbine is an assemblage of nozzles and blades or vanes (mounted on both stator/casing and rotor). Depending upon the types of blades and method of energy transfer from the fluid to the rotor wheel, there are two types of turbines; impulse turbine and reaction turbine [3].The steam turbine has two main parts, i.e., rotor and casing or cylinder. The casing contains fixed blades, vanes and nozzles, which direct the steam into moving blades fixed with the rotor. The heat energy and pressure energy of steam is converted to mechanical work (i.e., rotation of rotor) by expansion through turbine. This expansion and energy conversation takes place through a series of fixed blades(nozzles) and moving blades. Each row of fixed blades and moving blades is called a stage [4]. The moving blades rotate with turbine rotor, and the fixed blades are concentrically arranged wi
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