Enhancing Resiliency in Production Facilities Through Cyber Physical Systems
Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) in production offer the chance of enhancing the resiliency of factories as depicted by the three main pillars adaptability, robustness and efficiency. Simultaneously, they will have a large impact on the way production facilit
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1 Introduction Cyber-Physical Production Systems (CPPS) as a derivate of a Cyber-Physical System (CPS) in a manufacturing environment represent the next stage of development of production technology. The dissolution of hierarchical system structures induced by this technological trend will lead to reconfigurable networks of Smart Products and CPPS in the future. The resulting complexity creates a new demand for manufacturing companies: robustness of their production systems with a high adaptability at the same time. These two aspects are the core characteristics of the resilient factory. In contrast to flexible production systems, which provide a stable area of ability and are only scalable within fixed limitations, a versatile production system provides changes in case of need and possesses possibilities to rebuild and extend functions as an essential basic property [32]. Nowadays, flexible production systems can be realized through the use of automation solutions and organizational R. Schmitt (✉) Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL), RWTH Aachen University, Steinbachstraße 19, 52074 Aachen, Germany e-mail: [email protected] E. Permin ⋅ J. Kerkhoff ⋅ M. Plutz ⋅ M.G. Böckmann Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology (IPT), Steinbachstraße 17, 52074 Aachen, Germany e-mail: [email protected] J. Kerkhoff e-mail: [email protected] M. Plutz e-mail: [email protected] M.G. Böckmann e-mail: [email protected] © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017 S. Jeschke et al. (eds.), Industrial Internet of Things, Springer Series in Wireless Technology, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-42559-7_11
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concepts such as Lean Production. Cyber-Physical Production Systems provide the opportunity to allow the adaptability in the sense defined above and thereby to open up productivity potential in companies. The adaptability thus causes the ability of using the added value for the inactive percentage of potential productivity through rebuildable functionalities elsewhere. Another important aspect is the Plug and Produce-capability of Cyber-Physical production systems, which is made supported by an autonomous self-monitoring. However, the required decentralized networking of CPPS and Smart Products involves risks for the robustness of the production. How these safety and security risks are to be handled remain open questions and are addressed in this contribution.
2 The Need for Resilient Factories in the Context of Industry 4.0 The following subsections illustrate why resilient plants are needed in the Industry 4.0, what is meant by this term and which scientific foundations play a role.
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Cyber-Physical Systems, Self-Optimization and the Internet of Things Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS)
The term Cyber-Physical Systems was originally coined by Helen Gill of the National Science Foundation in 2006 [28]. Cyber-Physical Systems describe the networking of ICT-systems among each other and with the interne
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