Error-Detected Generation of High-Fidelity Photonic Hyperentanglement in Polarization-Spatial-Time Three Degrees of Free
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Error-Detected Generation of High-Fidelity Photonic Hyperentanglement in Polarization-Spatial-Time Three Degrees of Freedom Assisted by Quantum-Dot Spins Li Zhang1 · Cong Cao2 Ru Zhang4
· Yu-Hong Han3 · Xin Yi1 · Pan-Pan Yin1 · Ling Fan2 ·
Received: 18 June 2020 / Accepted: 10 November 2020 / Published online: 2 4 November 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Photonic hyperentanglement, which involves photons simultaneously entangled in more than one degree of freedom (DOF), has many important applications in quantum information processing, especially in high-capacity quantum communications. Interestingly, single-photon qubits encoded in the time-bin DOF are robust for long-distance transmissions in noisy channels. In this paper, we present a hyperentangled-Bell-state generation (HBSG) scheme for preparing two-photon six-qubit states which are simultaneously entangled in the polarization, spatial-mode, and time-bin DOFs. Compared with previous HBSG schemes, we construct an error-detected circuit unit with a quantum-dot (QD) spin in a double-sided optical microcavity, with which errors due to imperfect interactions between photons and QD systems can be easily detected, so that the error-detected circuit unit can relax the experimental requirement and improve the fidelity of our scheme largely. Meanwhile, our scheme is used to prepare two-photon hyperentangled states in polarization-spatial-time three DOFs, which is significant for faithful entanglement distribution and quantum repeater. These features make our scheme more feasible and useful in high-capacity and long-distance quantum communications with hyperentanglement. Keywords Quantum hyperentanglement · Photon system · Quantum-dot spin · Optical microcavity
Cong Cao
[email protected] 1
School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China
2
School of Electronic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing Key Laboratory of Space-ground Interconnection and Convergence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China
3
School of Science, School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China
4
School of Science, State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing Key Laboratory of Space-ground Interconnection and Convergence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China
4026
International Journal of Theoretical Physics (2020) 59: 4025–4039
1 Introduction Quantum entanglement is a fundamental resource in quantum information science and technology, such as in quantum key distribution [1, 2], quantum secret sharing [3, 4], quantum secure direct communication [5–8], quantum dense coding [9, 10], quantum teleportation [11], quantum computation [12, 13], and quantum metrology [14–17]. The entanglement generation technologies for various quantum systems have rec
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