Establishment of second-growth forests in human landscapes: ecological mechanisms and genetic consequences
- PDF / 307,857 Bytes
- 5 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 32 Downloads / 184 Views
OPINION PAPER
Establishment of second-growth forests in human landscapes: ecological mechanisms and genetic consequences Arndt Hampe 1
&
Raquel Alfaro-Sánchez 2,3
&
Irene Martín-Forés 4,5
Received: 18 May 2020 / Accepted: 29 June 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract •Key message This special issue gathers articles arising from the ERA-NET BiodivERsA3 research project “Unraveling the Potential of Spontaneous Forest Establishment for Improving Ecosystem Functions and Services in Dynamic Landscapes (SPONFOREST)”. Using a broad spectrum of research approaches, they provide detailed insights into how new forest stands establish and which consequences the establishment process has for their character and functioning. Keywords European Green Deal . landscape defragmentation . passive restauration . rural abandonment . spontaneous forest regeneration
The situation of the world’s forests has changed dramatically over the last decades. Extensive land use change, global warming, and other anthropogenic drivers have caused major Handling Editor: Erwin Dreyer Contributions of the co-authors All co-authors contributed to the text and approved its final version. This article is part of the topical collection on Establishment of second-growth forests in human landscapes: ecological mechanisms and genetic consequences * Arndt Hampe [email protected] Raquel Alfaro-Sánchez [email protected] Irene Martín-Forés [email protected] 1
INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, BIOGECO, F-33610 Cestas, France
2
CREAF, Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals E08193 Bellaterra, Cerdanyola de Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
3
Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, N2L 3C5, 75 University Avenue W, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
4
MNCN-CSIC, Biogeography and Global Change, National Museum of Natural Sciences, Madrid, Spain
5
School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
shifts in forest cover, functioning, biodiversity, and service delivery worldwide (Trumbore et al. 2015; Johnstone et al. 2016; Curtis et al. 2018). According to FAO estimates, overall global forest area declined from 41 million to just under 40 million km2 (3.1%) between 1990 and 2015, while planted forests increased by ca. 1 million km2 accounting now for 7% of the world’s forests (FAO 2016). Other estimates based on fine-scale satellite data yield disparate results: from a net forest cover loss of 1.5 million km2 between 2000 and 2012 (Hansen et al. 2013) or even more (Tropek et al. 2014) to a net gain of 2.2 million km2 between 1982 and 2016 (Song et al. 2018). There is, however, broad agreement that deforestation still prevails in the tropics whereas extratropical regions tend to gain in forest cover. Consequently, the proportion of second-growth forests—that is, forest or woodland areas that have re-established after a loss of the original tree cover—is rapidly increasing across both hemispheres. In the tropics, second-growth forests comprise already more than half of the total forested surface (Lugo
Data Loading...
