Estimating Energy Consumption for Various Sensor Node Distributions in Wireless Sensor Networks
A wireless sensor network uses sensor nodes with sensing, manipulating and communication abilities. The energy efficiency is one of the major challenges for WSN as it survives on batteries. Most of the energy is consumed by communication and data processi
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Abstract A wireless sensor network uses sensor nodes with sensing, manipulating and communication abilities. The energy efficiency is one of the major challenges for WSN as it survives on batteries. Most of the energy is consumed by communication and data processing. Data aggregation is the best way to address such challenges. The in-network data aggregation mainly focuses on these problems which are energy constraint in the sensor networks. The main task in the data aggregation algorithms is to gather data and aggregate it in an energy-efficient manner so as to increase the network lifetime. In this paper, we have studied the random deployment of sensor nodes using eight different random distributions with and without clustering and their impact on the K-means and K-medoids clustering algorithms. Simulation results show that, for a dense WSN scenario, the K-medoids clustering algorithm gives better results for two sensor nodes distributions namely: Beta and Uniform distributions. Also, we carry out a brief survey on different data aggregation algorithms and their comparison on the basis of network lifetime, communication delay, data accuracy and energy efficiency. In the end, we conclude our work with possible future scope. Keywords Wireless sensor network · In-network data aggregation · Sensor node distributions · K-means clustering · K-medoids clustering
P. Joshi (B) · S. Gavel · A. S. Raghuvanshi Department of Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, Raipur 492010, India e-mail: [email protected] S. Gavel e-mail: [email protected] A. S. Raghuvanshi e-mail: [email protected] © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021 V. Nath and J. K. Mandal (eds.), Nanoelectronics, Circuits and Communication Systems, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 692, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7486-3_28
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1 Introduction A sensor node is composed of typical sensors which senses environmental parameters like stress, pressure, temperature, light, gas and many more. These sensed qualities are in the form of electrical signals which have to be further calibrated to calculate the values of corresponding physical properties. A wireless sensor network is formed by collection of such sensor nodes [1]. A typical wireless sensor network is depicted in Fig. 1 [2]. The nodes are deployed basically in two structures—random and deterministic. A wireless sensor network with both node deployments is depicted in Fig. 2. The nodes in the wireless sensor network exhibit very limited energy and power sources. Mostly, the nodes are battery operated and these batteries are nonreplenishable. Due to their operation in harsh environmental conditions they have limited computational as well as communication capabilities. Thus, sensor nodes are more prone to attacks and failures. The applications such as habitat monitoring, military surveillance, forest fire detection
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