Estimation of equilibrium times and maximum capacity of adsorption of heavy metals by E. crassipes (review)
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Estimation of equilibrium times and maximum capacity of adsorption of heavy metals by E. crassipes (review) Uriel Fernando Carreño Sayago & Yineth Pineros Castro & Laura Rosa Conde Rivera & Alexander Garcia Mariaca
Received: 29 May 2019 / Accepted: 10 December 2019 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Cellulose emerges as an alternative for the treatment of water contaminated with heavy metals due to its abundant biomass and its proven potential in the adsorption of pollutants. The aquatic plant Eichhornia crassipes is an option as raw material in the contribution of cellulose due to its enormous presence in contaminated wetlands, rivers, and lakes. The efficiency in the removal of heavy metals is due to the cation exchange between the hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups present in the biomass of E. crassipes with heavy metals. Through different chemical and physical transformations of the biomass of E. crassipesThe objective of this review article is to provide a discussion on the different mechanisms of adsorption of the biomass U. F. C. Sayago (*) : Y. P. Castro : L. R. C. Rivera : A. G. Mariaca Fundacion Universitaria Los Libertadores, Cra. 16 #63a-68, Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia e-mail: [email protected]
Y. P. Castro e-mail: [email protected] L. R. C. Rivera e-mail: [email protected] A. G. Mariaca e-mail: [email protected] Y. P. Castro : L. R. C. Rivera Jorge Tadeo Lozano University, Cra. 4 #22-61, Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia
of E. crassipes to retain heavy metals and dyes. In addition to estimating equilibrium, times through kinetic models of adsorption and maximum capacities of this biomass through equilibrium models with isotherms, in order to design one biofilter for treatment systems on a larger scale represented the effluents of a real industry. Keywords Cellulose . Heavy metal . Isotherm . Biofilter
Introduction The contamination of rivers, lakes, and wetlands among others is increasingly evident; the lack of corporate responsibility and the lack of alternatives for water treatment is one of the main problems that leads to the serious affectation of these water resources with different pollutants like heavy metals. At present, different technologies are available for the removal of heavy metals using treatment systems such as advanced chemical oxidation, membrane separation, photocatalysis, oxidation, and adsorption (Crini 2005), but these treatment systems are usually very costly. Among all the available methods for the treatment of industrial effluents, adsorption remains the most widely used methods in the treatment of wastewater due to a low capital cost; in addition, it can eliminate most types of contaminants and facilitate regeneration (Hokkanen et al. 2013; Putro et al. 2017a, b). The process of adsorption of heavy metals with cellulose is interesting due to its abundant availability and its great potential in removing heavy metals present in
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water, demonstrating in experimental processes in the treatment of water (Chitpong e
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