Evaluation of changes in groundwater quality caused by a water inrush event in Taoyuan coal mine, China
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Evaluation of changes in groundwater quality caused by a water inrush event in Taoyuan coal mine, China Yan Guo1,2 · Jiuchuan Wei1 · Herong Gui2 · Zhi Zhang3 · Mancong Hu3 Received: 10 May 2020 / Accepted: 14 October 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The effects of a water inrush event on the chemical composition of groundwater in a coal measures sandstone aquifer that is important for water supply was investigated at the Taoyuan coal mine in the Huaibei region in China. Changes in groundwater quality caused by the inrush event were investigated using statistical techniques, a Piper trilinear diagram, saturation index, ion combination ratios and a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. These investigations indicated that Na+ + K+ and SO42− were the main cation and anion, and the average contents were 272 mg/L and 732 mg/L before water inrush, and 394 mg/L and 779 mg/L after water inrush, respectively. The concentrations of anions in groundwater before the inrush event were in the order S O42− > HCO3− > Cl− and the cation concentrations were in the order Na+ + K+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+. The chemical composition of groundwater was mainly SO4·Cl–Ca·Mg before water inrush event, and SO4·Cl–Na and Na–HCO3–Cl after this event. According to the saturation index method, gypsum, calcite, magnesite, and aragonite controlling the chemical composition of groundwater were reactive minerals in groundwater system. The oxidation of pyrite, dissolution of sulfate and carbonate minerals were main geochemical process before and after the event; while the oxidation of pyrite and cation exchange were enhanced after the water inrush event. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation results showed that the type V water accounted for a large proportion of poor-quality groundwater. Groundwater quality in the aquifer near the mine generally deteriorated after the water inrush event. Keywords Hydrochemical characteristics · Water quality evaluation · Water–rock interaction · Groundwater · Huaibei coalfield
Introduction
* Jiuchuan Wei [email protected] * Herong Gui [email protected] 1
College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, No. 579 Qianwangang Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao 266590, Shandong, China
2
National Engineering Research Center of Coal Mine Water Hazard Controlling, School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Suzhou University, No. 49 Bianhe Middle Road, Suzhou 234000, Anhui, China
3
Taoyuan Coal Mine of Huaibei Mining Co. Ltd, South of Yangzhai Village, Suzhou 234000, Anhui, China
At 0:35 on February 3, 2013, a sudden flooding event took place from the 1035 working face of Taoyuan coal mine, which belongs to underground coal mine. The event, known as the “2.3” water inrush, appeared to have been caused by the hidden karst collapse column (Fig. 1). The instantaneous maximum water inrush rate was 29,000 m3/h from a mixture of groundwater from Permian, Carboniferous, Ordovician and Quaternary aquifers. The rate of inflow g
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