Evaluation of design schemes for urban squares in arid climate cities, Mendoza, Argentina
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Evaluation of design schemes for urban squares in arid climate cities, Mendoza, Argentina Research Article
Susana Stocco (), María Alicia Cantón, Erica Correa INAHE – Instituto de Ambiente, Hábitat y Energía – CONICET, Mendoza , Argentina
Abstract
Keywords
The design of urban squares in the city of Mendoza, Argentina, is based on aesthetic and landscaping criteria without consider strategies to enhance the benefits that green areas generate on the city’s
design of urban squares,
micrometeorological conditions. The paper aims to evaluate different design alternatives with the
alternativas de diseño,
purpose to determine which proportion and distribution of green and sealed areas contributes to achieve the best conditions in terms of thermal behavior and comfort. ENVI-met software was
proportion green/sealed,
used to simulate thermal conditions over twenty three scenarios, and COMFA method was employed to determine comfort in the scenarios that show the best thermal behaviour and are representative of current design trends. The results show that the most effective scheme for the memorial squares rehabilitation is the one concentrating 60% of woodlot around a sealed center with an area that does not exceed 20% the square surface. Another effective alternative is the one concentrating 60% of woodlot at the center of the area. These findings highlight the importance of an adequate relation between proportion and distribution of woodlot/sealed areas to improve thermal performance and comfort conditions of open spaces.
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Introduction
E-mail: [email protected]
distribution green/sealed
Article History Received: 29 August 2019 Revised: 10 July 2020 Accepted: 16 July 2020 © Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
conditions. Their use is associated with several activities such as recreation, social interaction, as well as historical and cultural heritage (Pauleit et al. 2005). International scientific literature has based its analysis on their effects at the social level, mostly regarding thermal comfort (subjective comfort, life quality improvement, perception, use and permanence) as well as preferences and the uses of the squares on sunny days (Zacharias et al. 2001; Yezioro et al. 2006; Scudo and Dessi 2006; Lenzholzer 2010; 2012; Rašković and Decker 2015). The investigations mentioned above analyze the prevailing model of urban squares in most European and North American cities. In European cities, the dominant feature is the sealed-open space with isolated wooded areas or artificial structures providing shade, which is generally distributed in a regular form (Lee and Mayer 2018). In North American cities, the dominant feature is the urban square defined as a type of “esplanade” surrounded by a set of buildings. These urban square models are very different from those predominant in Latin America, in which the vegetation plays an important role in the landscape design. In Latin
Indoor/Outdoor Airflow and Air Quality
Cities are known as comple
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